高铭暄教授“四要件犯罪构成理论”评述

Comments on Professor Gao Mingxuan's Academic Views on the“Quadripartite Theory of Corpus Delicti”

关于我国刑法的“四要件犯罪构成理论”与大陆法系刑法的“三阶层犯罪论体系”的比较研究,学者之间一直存在着“移植说”和“肯定说”两种对立的观点。高铭暄教授作为“肯定说”的主要代表,认为我国选择“四要件犯罪构成理论”具有历史的必然性和现实的合理性,将排除社会危害性的理论置于“四要件犯罪构成理论”之外,并不影响其实际功能的发挥,“四要件犯罪构成理论”既具有“入罪”功能,也具有“出罪”功能。此外,要准确评述高铭暄教授关于“四要件犯罪构成理论”的学术观点,还必须充分把握比较对象理论上的完整性,避免机械地进行不合理的比较,并通过全面了解自身和对方的长短处,努力构建具有中国特色的定罪理论体系。

With regard to the comparative study of the“quadripartite theory of corpus delicti”in Chinese criminal law and the“tripartite theory of structure of crime”in continental European criminal law,there are two opposing stands,namely,“transplantation”and“affirmation”.Professor Gao Mingxuan,as the main representative of the“affirmation”position,believes that China's choice of the quadripartite theory has historical inevitability and practical reasonableness.Placing the doctrine of exclusion of social harmfulness outside the corpus delicti does not affect its practical functioning.The quadripartite theory has both an“incrimination”and a function.In addition,to accurately comment on Professor Gao Mingxuan's academic views,it is necessary to fully grasp the theoretical integrity of the subject,and to avoid unreasonable comparison in a mechanical manner.Through a comprehensive understanding of our own strengths and weaknesses,we shall endeavour to construct a theory of conviction with Chinese characteristics.