长江经济带绿色发展的机遇挑战、转型路径与对策建议

Opportunities,Challenges,Transformation Paths and Policy Recommendations for Green Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

长江经济带横贯东西、承接南北、通江达海、优势独特,因“同饮一江水”而联系起来并不断发展壮大,在世界文明发展中占据一席之地。长江经济带发展,要以共抓大保护、不搞大开发为导向,以生态优先、绿色发展为宗旨。长江经济带绿色发展在自然资源、经济发展基础、城市群带动、生态文明建设、生物多样性和科技人才支撑等方面具有一定优势,同时也面临发展不平衡不协调、跨区协调体制机制和利益机制尚未健全、条块分割问题严重、基础性研究相对薄弱等挑战。长江经济带绿色低碳发展的基本路径是:在生态文明建设和生态环境保护上下更大功夫,夯实发展基础;推动经济结构绿色低碳转型,挖掘发展潜力和后劲;推动优势产业延链、新兴产业建链,保障供应链安全;率先谋划布局,在“双碳”目标实现中发挥龙头带动作用;创新体制机制,加快构建区域协调发展新格局。为了促进长江经济带绿色高质量发展,未来需要完善政策体系,发挥规划配置资源的积极作用,发展新质生产力,探索政府主导的生态产品价值实现的市场化途径,统筹好发展和安全的关系,同时坚持高水平开放,共建绿色“一带一路”。

The Yangtze River Economic Belt possesses unique advantages as it spans from east to west China, links the north and south and reaches from the river to the sea. Bound together by the shared concept of “drinking water from the same river”, it becomes more and more powerful and holds a prominent position in the development of civilization worldwide. The development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt should be guided by the principle of jointly promoting comprehensive conservation and avoiding large-scale exploitation, with ecological priority and green development as its purpose. The green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has certain advantages in terms of natural resources, economic development foundation, urban agglomeration dynamics, ecological civilization construction, biodiversity and scientific and technological talent support, etc. At the same time, it also faces the challenges of unbalanced and uncoordinated development, insufficiently sound cross-regional coordination mechanisms, incomplete interest mechanisms, serious segmentation issues, and relatively weak basic research. The basic path for the green and low-carbon development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is as follows: making greater efforts in the construction of ecological civilization and ecological environmental protection so as to consolidate the foundation of development;promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the economic structure, bolstering the potential and momentum of development;promoting the extension of the chain of advantaged industries and the construction of the chain of emerging industries so as to guarantee the security of the supply chain;taking the lead in the layout of the plans and playing a pioneering role in achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals;innovating institutional mechanisms and building a coordinated development belt for regional cooperation. In the future, to promote the green and high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, it is necessary to improve the policy system, harness the proactive allocation of resources through strategic planning, develop new productive forces, explore market-oriented approaches to realize the value of government-led ecological products, strike a balance development and security concerns, adhere to high-level opening-up, and jointly build a green “Belt and Road”.