“人类世”视域下的《阿凡达2》与多物种民族志想象

Avatar 2 and the Vision of Multispecies Ethnography from the Perspective of Anthropocene

自1784年瓦特发明蒸汽机以来,人类工业化的现代文明进程给地球环境造成了无尽的灾难。当今地球已经进入一个由人类主导的新的地质时代——人类世,人与自然的关系得到重新审视。生态环境问题是卡梅隆的《阿凡达》两部曲中的重要言说对象,虽然潘多拉魔盒里的灾祸已在“人类世”被不幸释放,但《阿凡达》作为重要的影像人类学载体,以多物种民族志想像的关怀作为集合,关注“主体间性”的影像书写对人类与非人类二元边界的超越作用,所有的物种共同型塑着同一个生活的异域星球,展现了多物种共同体作为主导力量的救世景象。

Since the invention of the steam engine by Watt in 1784,the industrialization as a modern civilization process has brought endless disasters to the environment on Earth.The Earth today has entered a new geological era dominated by humans,that is,the Anthropocene,where the relationship between human and nature has been reexamined.The issue of ecological environment is an important subject of discourse in Cameron’s two works of Avatar.Although the disasters in Pandora’s Box have been unfortunately released in the“Anthropocene”,Avatar,as an important carrier of visual anthropology,focuses on the transcendence of the binary boundary between humans and non-humans by presenting an ethnographic vision of multispecies with the portrayal of“inter-subjectivity”in which all species collectively shape an alien planet,showcasing the salvation scene of a multispecies community as the dominant force.