数字普惠金融对银行小微信贷供给的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on the Supply of Small and Micro Loans in Banks

数字普惠金融的发展让小微企业融资难题得到了一定程度的缓解,但其如何影响银行对小微企业的信贷供给、银行对小微企业的信贷供给还受哪些因素的影响有待深入研究。基于2012—2020年31个省份的面板数据,构建双向固定效应模型,对数字普惠金融、区域创新水平、市场化程度、银行小微企业信贷四者之间的关系进行深入研究。研究结果表明:第一,数字普惠金融显著促进了银行小微企业信贷供给,其中,数字普惠金融覆盖广度和使用深度对银行小微企业信贷供给具有显著的正向影响,数字化程度对银行小微企业信贷供给影响不显著,在考虑内生性问题、剔除样本、替换核心被解释变量后这一结论依然稳健;第二,数字普惠金融通过提升区域创新水平促进银行小微企业信贷供给;第三,在市场化程度较低和金融监管强度较高的地区,数字普惠金融对银行小微企业信贷供给促进作用更显著。

The development of digital inclusive finance has eased the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises(SMEs)to a certain extent.However,how digital inclusive finance affects the credit supply of banks to SMEs,and what other factors affect the credit supply of banks to SMEs need to be further studied.Based on panel data from 31 provinces,cities,and autonomous regions from 2012 to 2020,this article constructs a two way fixed effect model to conduct in depth research on the relationship between digital inclusive finance,regional innovation level,marketization degree,and SMEs credit of banks.The research results show that:(1)Digital inclusive finance has significantly promoted the supply of credit to SMEs in banks.Among them,the coverage and depth of use of digital inclusive finance have a significant positive impact on the supply of credit to SMEs in banks,while the degree of digitization has no significant impact on the supply of SMEs in banks.This conclusion remains robust after considering endogenous issues,eliminating samples,and replacing core explanatory variables;(2)Digital inclusive finance promotes the credit supply of SMEs in banks by improving regional innovation level;(3)In those regions with low marketization and high financial regulatory intensity,digital inclusive finance plays a more significant role in promoting the supply of SMEs credit to banks.Based on the above conclusions,corresponding policy recommendations are proposed from the perspectives of banks and the government.