离子液体的制备及在甲醇-碳酸二甲酯共沸物分离中的应用现状

Preparation of ionic liquids and their application status in methanol-dimethyl carbonate azeotrope separation

碳酸二乙酯(DEC)生产过程中,甲醇(MeOH)与碳酸二甲酯(DMC)形成二元共沸物,传统有机溶剂萃取精馏分离MeOH-DMC共沸物存在污染环境、萃取效率低及溶剂回收难等难题。离子液体作为一种新型溶剂,因其绿色环保、萃取效率高及可循环再利用等优势,在化工领域中展现出广泛的应用前景。简述了离子液体的种类及其性质,分析了离子液体典型的五种合成方法存在的优缺点,重点讨论了离子液体对MeOH-DMC共沸物的研究进展及其分离机理,指出了目前离子液体应用于MeOH-DMC共沸物分离中存在的问题,最后对离子液体的未来发展方向提出了展望。

During the production process of diethyl carbonate(DEC),methanol(MeOH)and dimethyl carbonate(DMC)form a binary azeotrope.The traditional separation of MeOH-DMC azeotrope by extraction distillation with organic solvent has many problems,such as environmental pollution,low extraction efficiency and difficult solvent recovery.Ionic liquids,as a new type solvent,have a wide application prospect in the chemical industry due to their advantages of environmental protection,high extraction efficiency and recyclability.This article briefly described the types and properties of ionic liquids,analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of five typical synthesis methods of ionic liquids,mainly discussed the research progress and the separation mechanism of ionic liquids on MeOH-DMC azeotrope,and pointed out the existing problems in the application of ionic liquids in the separation of MeOH-DMC azeotrope.Finally,the future development direction of ionic liquids was prospected.