简述土壤重金属污染来源解析与修复技术的研究进展

A Brief Introduction to the Research Progress on Source Analysis and Remediation Techniques of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution

本研究综述了土壤重金属污染的来源解析与修复技术的研究进展。土壤重金属污染主要来自工业活动、城市化进程、农药和肥料使用等人类活动。针对这种污染,目前研究主要集中在生物修复、化学修复和物理修复等方面。生物修复技术包括植物修复、微生物修复和土壤改良等,通过吸附、转运和还原等途径降低土壤中的重金属含量。化学修复技术利用添加剂、络合剂和电化学方法等,降低重金属的毒性和迁移性。物理修复技术则主要采用土壤固化、土壤置换和覆盖等手段,隔离和稳定土壤中的重金属。本文总结了这些修复技术的优缺点,并探讨了未来研究的重点和挑战。

This study reviews the research progress on source analysis and remediation techniques of soil heavy metal pollution.Soil heavy metal pollution mainly originates from human activities such as industrial activities,urbanization processes,pesticide and fertilizer usage.In response to this pollution,current research focuses primarily on bioremediation,chemical remediation,and physical remediation techniques.Bioremediation techniques include phytoremediation,microbial remediation,and soil improvement,which reduce the heavy metal content in soil through processes such as adsorption,transportation,and reduction.Chemical remediation techniques utilize additives,chelating agents,and electrochemical methods to reduce the toxicity and mobility of heavy metals.Physical remediation techniques mainly involve soil solidification,soil replacement,and soil covering to isolate and stabilize heavy metals in the soil.This article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of these remediation techniques and discusses the future research focus and challenges.