种植环境及密度对水果青萝卜生长、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Planting Environment and Density on Growth,Yield and Quality of Fruit Radish

为探究水果萝卜适宜的种植环境和密度,以水果青萝卜为供试对象,在推荐最大种植密度下分别采用厚土墙日光温室(R_(1))、拱棚(G_(1))、大田(L_(1))3个种植环境,在大田种植条件下设置111110棵/hm^(2)(L_(1))、55555棵/hm^(2)(L_(2))、27777棵/hm^(2)(L_(3))3个种植密度处理,调查水果青萝卜的生长情况、产量和品质。结果表明,不同种植环境下,与L_(1)相比,R_(1)和G_(1)处理的叶面积、叶鲜干质量、根鲜干质量、产量和可溶性糖含量增加,可溶性固形物、维生素C含量减少,且G_(1)处理的根鲜干质量、产量和可溶性糖含量最高,分别为924 g、28.8 g、102.67 t/hm^(2)、3.34%,与L_(1)相比分别增加了52.98%、43.95%、52.99%、16.38%。在大田种植条件下,随着种植密度的增加,叶面积、叶鲜干质量、产量和可溶性糖含量先升高后降低,维生素C呈降低趋势,可溶性固形物含量先降低后升高,其中L2处理的产量与可溶性糖含量最高,分别为93.55 t/hm^(2)、3.64%,较L_(1)和L_(3)处理产量分别升高了39.4%、99.04%,可溶性糖含量升高了26.83%、7.06%。综上,水果青萝卜在拱棚种植下生长最佳,适宜大田的种植密度为55555棵/hm^(2)。

In order to explore the suitable planting environment and density of fruit radish,this study took fruit radish as the test object,and considered two factors of planting environment and planting density.Under the maximum recommended planting density of 111110 plants/hm^(2),three planting environments,thick earth wall solar greenhouse,arch shed and open field,were marked as R_(1),G_(1) and L_(1),respectively.Three planting densities of 111110,55555 and 27777 plants/hm^(2) were set under open-air planting conditions,which were marked as L_(1),L_(2) and L_(3),respectively.The growth,yield and quality of fruit radish were investigated.The results showed that under different planting environments,compared with L_(1),the leaf area,leaf fresh and dry weight,root fresh and dry weight,yield and soluble sugar content of R_(1) and G_(1) treatments increased,while the contents of soluble solids and vitamin C decreased.The root fresh and dry weight,yield and soluble sugar content of G_(1) treatment were the highest,which were 924 g,28.8 g,102.67 t/hm^(2) and 3.34%,respectively,and increased by 52.98%,43.95%,52.99%and 16.38%,respectively,compared with L_(1).Under open-air planting conditions,with the increase of planting density,leaf area,fresh and dry weight of leaves,yield and soluble sugar content increased first and then decreased,vitamin C decreased,and soluble solids content decreased first and then increased.The yield and soluble sugar content of L_(2) treatment were the highest,which were 93.55 t/hm^(2) and 3.64%,respectively.The yield were 39.4%and 99.04%higher than those of L_(1) and L_(3) treatment,respectively,and soluble sugar content increased by 26.83%and 7.06%,respectively.In summary,the fruit green radish grows best under the arch shed planting,and the suitable field planting density is 55555 plants/hm^(2).