西方政治哲学的价值、局限及启示

Value,Limitations and Enlightenment of Western Political Philosophy

西方政治哲学的学术价值和实践意义丰富而深刻,尤其是注重为政治存在的合理性提供哲学论证,阐明政治的目的和价值及其与社会美好、人生幸福的内在关联,研究和回答以国家为形式的政治社会的深层次问题,揭示国家治理必须遵循的应然法则和基本原则。它告诉我们政治哲学研究要注重对重大时代政治问题进行哲学反思、批判和回应,彰显政治哲学的规导特性,注重政治哲学理论的创新和超越,重视个性化政治哲学体系的构建。但它也存在着诸如缺乏天下情怀、轴心时代以后不重视政治本然本质的探讨、忽视国家的实体和主体性质、对西方历来存在的霸权主义和强权政治问题缺乏应有的反思和批判等问题和局限。今天,深化政治哲学研究要立足于宇宙本体和人类本性揭示政治的本性或本然本质,着眼于整个世界和全人类的未来探索政治哲学真理,把人作为整体人而非仅仅是作为政治人对待。

The academic value and practical significance of Western political philosophy are rich and profound,especially in their focusing on providing philosophical argumentation for the rationality of political existence,clarifying the purpose and value of politics and its internal relationship with social beauty and life happiness,studying and answering the deep-seated problems of the political society in the form of the state,and revealing the natural laws and basic principles that must be followed in national governance.It tells us that political philosophy research should focus on philosophical reflection,criticism and response to major political issues of the times,highlight the regulatory characteristics of political philosophy,attach importance to the innovation and transcendence of political philosophy theory,and emphasize the construction of personalized political philosophy system.However,it also has some problems and limitations,such as the lack of compassion for the world,the lack of emphasis on the discussion of the nature of politics after the Axis Age,the neglect of the substance and subject nature of the state,the lack of due reflection and criticism on hegemonies and power politics that have always existed in the West,etc.Today,deepening the study of political philosophy should be based on the universe and human nature to reveal the nature or natural essence of politics,focus on the whole world and the future of mankind to explore the truth of political philosophy,and treat people as a whole entity rather than just as political being.