分配正义何以可能:基于复合平等的多元主义路径分析

How Distributive Justice is Possible:An Analysis of Pluralist Paths Based on Complex Equality

分配正义是政治哲学的重要研究主题,自柏拉图起,有关分配正义的研究基本上遵循一元主义的研究路径,主要停留在哲学论证的层面,分配正义如何实现的问题尚未得到解决。基于多元主义的分析路径,迈克尔·沃尔泽提出了复合平等的理论构想,相较于一元主义追求的简单平等,复合平等为分配正义提供了有力的前提和多元主义的分析路径。依照复合平等的内在逻辑,如果分配活动能够承认差别的普遍存在,划分多元的分配领域和分配原则,并关注代际问题,那么分配正义的实现将是可以期许的。

Distributive justice is an important research topic of political philosophy.Since Plato,the research on distributive justice has largely followed the research path of monism,mainly staying at the level of philosophical argumentation.The problem of how to achieve distributive justice has not yet been solved.Based on the analytical path of pluralism,Michael Walzer proposed the theoretical concept of complex equality.Compared to the simple equality pursued by monism,complex equality provides a strong premise and a pluralist analytical path for distributive justice.According to the inherent logic of complex equality,the realization of distributive justice can be expected if distribution activity recognizes the prevalence of disparities,delineates pluralistic fields of distribution and principles of distribution,and pays attention to inter-generational issues.