高原低氧环境下“长新冠”的临床特征及藏医药的应用

Clinical Characteristics of“Long-COVID”in a Plateau Hypoxic Environment and the Application of Tibetan Medicine in Treatment

目的通过现场调查了解在高原低氧环境下“长新冠”的临床特征。依据《四部医典》理论,提供藏医药在“长新冠”治疗中的用药思路。方法本研究由县、乡医务人员协助,流行病专家指导,并由受过专业训练的工作人员通过面对面采访以及体检的方式完成。调查包括人口信息、性别、年龄、主要症状及持续时间。结果参与者总共有2563人,调查时间为自患病后的第3个月至第6个月,有72%的人报告了至少一种新冠后遗症:最常见的症状依次为疲劳、记忆力减退(脑雾)、肌肉疼痛、咳嗽、头痛、胸痛、心悸、味觉异常、头昏、焦虑、抑郁、失眠、皮疹、腹泻等。上述症状的持续时间在3个月至8个月不等,随着时间的推移和治疗部分症状逐步减轻。在4个海拔组中“长新冠”的发病率无明显差异。调查中发现,年龄是一个重要的影响因素,年龄在40-60岁之间的患者更有可能出现新冠后遗症,并且症状持续时间更长。文章总结基层若干名老藏医的临床经验,探讨藏医药在“长新冠”治疗中的价值。结论高原低氧环境下“长新冠”的发病率明显高于平原地区,通过临床实践发现藏医药治疗“长新冠”具有明显疗效。

Objective Through on-site investigation,the clinical characteristics of"long COVID"will be understood in the low-oxygen environment of the plateau.According to the theory of the"Four Medical Codex",the idea of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of"long COVID"is provided.Methods The study was assisted by the county and township medical personnel,guided by epidemiologists,and completed by professionally trained staffs through faceto-face interviews and physical examinations.The survey included demographic information,gender,age,main symptoms and duration.Results A total of 2563 participants were surveyed from the 3rd to the 6th month after the disease,and 72%reported at least one of the post-COVID-19 sequelae:the most common symptoms were fatigue,memory loss(brain fog),muscle pain,cough,headache,chest pain,palpitations,dysgeusia,dizziness,anxiety,depression,insomnia,rash,diarrhea,etc.The duration of these symptoms varies from 3 to 8 months,and gradually decreases with time and treatment.There was no significant difference in the incidence of“long-COVID”among the four altitude groups.The survey found that age is an important influencing factor,with patients between the ages of 40-60 years being more likely to develop the post-COVID sequelae and have longer duration of symptoms.This article summarizes the clinical experience of several veteran Tibetan doctors at the grass-roots level,and discusses the value of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of“long-COVID”.Conclusion The incidence of“long-COVID”in the hypoxic environment of the plateau is significantly higher than that in the plain area,and it is found that Tibetan medicine has obvious efficacy in the treatment of“long-COVID”through clinical practice.