经颅直流电刺激与失眠障碍的研究进展

Research advances in transcranial direct current stimulation and insomnia disorder

失眠障碍是最为常见的睡眠问题之一,近年来患病率呈现增高趋势。失眠的认知行为疗法和药物疗法是目前临床主要的治疗方法,但在临床上存在治疗费用高或副作用大等问题。经颅直流电刺激通过对大脑皮层施加微电流刺激改变皮质兴奋性、增加突触可塑性、增加慢波活动、调节脑血流等机制治疗失眠,安全性高,副作用小,有可能成为一种有价值的治疗方法。本文总结分析经颅直流电刺激治疗失眠障碍的安全性、使用方法及作用机制等,为失眠障碍的临床治疗提供新思路。

Insomnia is one of the most common sleep problems,and its prevalence rate has been increasing in re-cent years.At present,cognitive behavioral therapy and drug therapy remain the main treatment methods for insomnia in clinical practice,but they are associated with the problems such as high treatment costs and great side effects.Transcra-nial direct current stimulation exerts a therapeutic effect on insomnia by imposing microelectric current stimulation to change cortical excitability,improve synaptic plasticity,increase slow wave activity,and regulate cerebral blood flow,with a favorable safety profile and mild side effects.Therefore,it may become a valuable treatment method.This article analyzes the application of transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of insomnia in terms of safety,instruc-tions,and mechanism of action,so as to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of insomnia disorder.