手模型在有机立体化学教学中的应用

Application of Hand Model in Teaching Process of Organic Stereochemistry

介绍了手模型在有机分子构象表示和构型判断方面的应用。在构象表示方面,采用手模型表示环己烷构象,能够快速掌握环己烷稳定构象的结构特征。在构型判断方面,提出了“右手定则”,可快速判断手性分子透视式和Fischer投影式的R/S构型。对手模型辅助判断Diels-Alder反应等顺式加成反应产物构型进行了详细讨论;并提出了判断电环化反应及其逆反应产物构型的“双手旋转定则”。

The application of hand model on confirmation presentation and configuration assignment of organic molecule was introduced.In the aspect of confirmation presentation,hand model was adopted to present the confirmations of cyclohexane.The structural characteristics of cyclohexane stable conformations could be easily understood.In the aspect of configuration assignment,“right hand rule”was proposed,which could be used to assign R/S configurations of chiral molecules form their perspective structures and Fischer projections.The assignment of products of Diels-Alder and related syn-addition reactions assisted by hand model was discussed in detail.“Two-hand rotation rule”was proposed to assign the products configurations of electrocyclic reaction and its reverse reaction.