基于复合结构微光纤曲率传感器研究

Research on curvature sensor of based on microfiber with composite structure

提出了一种基于熔锥型多模微光纤(MMMF)马赫-曾德尔干涉的曲率传感器,该曲率传感器通过将105多模光纤(MMF)两端与普通单模光纤(SMF)进行电弧熔接,并对MMF进行熔融拉锥,构成了单模光纤-多模微光纤-单模光纤的复合结构。实验研究了拉锥长度分别为12000μm,16000μm两种腰锥直径不同的微光纤,并进行曲率传感测量。实验结果表明:随着传感器曲率的逐渐增大,传输光谱出现很明显的蓝移现象,可通过监测透射谱谐振波谷波长的漂移实现曲率灵敏度的测量,传感器的灵敏度随着腰锥直径的减小而增大,在拉锥长度达到15000μm,2.545~3.136 m^(-1)的曲率测量范围内可获得最大的曲率灵敏度为-20.267 nm·m^(-1),具有较好的线性拟合度。该传感器具有结构简单,易于制造,灵敏度较高,价格低廉等优点,可广泛应用于桥梁、建筑等土木工程的曲率传感领域。

A curvature sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interference of fused cone-type multi-mode microfiber is proposed.The curvature sensor is a composite structure of single-mode fiber,multi-mode microfiber and single-mode fiber by arc welding of 105 multi-mode fiber and common single-mode fiber,and melting tapering of MMF.Two kinds of micro-fibers with different diameter of taper with 12000μm and 16000μm respectively were studied experimentally for curvature sensing measurement.The experimental results show that:As the curvature of the sensor gradually increases,its transmission spectrum will show an obvious blue shift phenomenon,so the curvature sensitivity can be measured by monitoring the shift of resonant trough wavelength of the transmission spectrum.The sensitivity of the sensor increases with the decrease of the diameter of the waist cone,and the taper length reaches 16000μm at.The maximum curvature sensitivity of-20.267 nm·m-1 can be obtained in the curvature measurement range of 2.545~3.136 m^(-1),and the linear fit is better.The sensor has the advantages of simple structure,easy manufacture,high sensitivity and low price,and can be widely used in the field of curvature sensing in civil engineering such as Bridges and buildings.