创新指数何以可能——大数据时代的解决方案

Why Innovation Index is Possible:Solutions in the Era of Big Data

作为一种研究创新现象的量化手段,创新指数一直不无争议。受反实证主义的影响,建构论者质疑创新指数脱离实际,沦落为抽象的形式化数字游戏,由此倡导以数据为基础的创新现象研究论题、进路、视角的多样性。实在论者则为创新指数的实在性做出辩护,认为创新指数所面临的诸多质疑,例如过多地追求数学技巧,乃是源于对数据的缺乏。争议的双方呈两极化趋势,凸显出的是经济学背后的事实与虚构两难悖论。通过对该悖论予以方法论的反思,可将计量经济学走出困境的突破点指向“大数据”,即全面数据、完整数据和系统数据的获得。由此表明,创新指数可行性问题的妥善解决,希冀于大数据时代的到来。

The innovation index as a quantitative method to study the phenomenon of innovation has always been controversial.Influenced by anti-positivism,constructivists question that the innovation index is divorced from reality and degenerates into an abstract formal digital game,thus advocating the diversity of research topics,approaches and perspectives of data-based innovation phenomena.Realists defend the realism of the innovation index,arguing that many doubts faced by the innovation index,such as the excessive pursuit of mathematical skills,stem from the lack of data.The two parties of the controversy are polarized,highlighting the paradox of facts and fiction behind economics.Through methodological reflection on this paradox,the development of the innovation index can be directed towards“big data”,that is,the acquisition of comprehensive data,complete data,and systematic data.This indicates that the proper resolution to the feasibility of the innovation index is expected to fulfill in the era of big data.