外周血IgE和补体C3及C4水平与肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿病情严重程度及肺功能相关性研究

Correlation of Peripheral Blood IgE and Complements C3 and C4 Levels with Disease Severity and Lung Function in Obese Children with Bronchial Asthma

目的探讨肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿的外周血免疫球蛋白E(IgE)和补体C3及C4水平与病情严重程度及肺功能的相关性。方法选取张家口市妇幼保健院2020年4月至2022年9月收治的肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿68例作为观察组,以同期接受体检的健康儿童70例作为对照组。检测IgE和补体C3及C4等指标,同时评估病情严重程度,检查肺功能,比较两组差异。观察组根据病情严重程度细分为轻症(n=33)、中症(n=19)、重症(n=16)组,比较3个亚组的IgE和补体C3及C4及肺功能指标。比较观察组患儿治疗前后的IgE和补体C3及C4等指标。结果与对照组比较,观察组患儿的外周血IgE和补体C3及C4水平均显著升高,第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))及最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)均显著减少(P<0.05)。轻、中、重症肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿的外周血IgE和补体C3及C4水平及FEV_(1)及MMEF均有显著差异(P<0.05),轻症患儿相对更低,重症患儿相对更高。IgE和补体C3及C4水平与肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿病情程度呈正相关(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿治疗后的外周血IgE和补体C3及C4水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论在肥胖型支气管哮喘患儿的临床诊疗中,通过对外周血IgE和补体C3及C4的检测,可判断疾病的发生、进展情况。IgE和补体C3及C4等指标的变化,影响病情的严重程度及患儿肺功能。

Objective To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood immunoglobulin E(IgE)and complements C3 and C4 levels with the severity of disease and lung function in obese children with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 68 obese children with bronchial asthma admitted to Zhangjiakou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 70 healthy children who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.IgE and complements C3 and C4 were measured,the severity of the disease was assessed and pulmonary function was examined to compare the differences between the two groups.The observation group was divided into mild(n=33),moderate(n=19)and severe(n=16)groups according to the severity of the disease,and the IgE,complements C3 and C4,and pulmonary function indexes of the three subgroups were compared before and after treatment.Results Compared with those in the control group,peripheral blood IgE and complements C3 and C4 levels in the observation group were significantly higher,forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV_(1))and maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMEF)were significantly lower(P<0.05).The peripheral blood IgE,complements C3 and C4 levels,FEV_(1) and MMEF were significantly different in children with mild,moderate,and severe obesity(P<0.05),with lower levels in mild obesity and higher levels in severe obesity.The IgE and complements C3 and C4 levels were positively correlated with the degree of disease in obese children with bronchial asthma(P<0.05).Compared with those before treatment,the peripheral blood IgE and complements C3 and C4 levels were significantly lower in obese children with bronchial asthma after treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion In the clinical diagnosis and treatment of obese children with bronchial asthma,the examination of peripheral blood IgE and complements C3 and C4 can be used to determine the occurrence and progression of the disease,and the changes of IgE and complements C3 and C4 can affect the severity of the disease and the lung function of the children.