社区居委会参与老旧小区物业管理的困境及机制探索

从制度逻辑视角出发构建“制度环境—组织特质”分析框架,采取多案例研究方法深度还原北京市朝阳区老旧小区物业管理的实然图景。研究发现:物业管理公司、单位、街道办事处和社区居民等各个主体之间呈现的竞争性制度冲突导致老旧小区物业管理整体效能“失序”,而社区居委会“基层行政组织”“群众性自治组织”两种特质之间的张力为其处理制度冲突带来了挑战,使其陷入无序应对、难以作为、被动兜底和低度合作等多重困境。其原因在于,主体定位不明确、权益职责不对位、社会力量未真正发挥作用和多元主体联动协同不顺畅等问题影响了社区居委会治理效能的发挥。据此提出通过“正位”“赋权”“补短”“整合”的“四位一体”途径破解老旧小区物业管理难题。

This paper constructs an analytical frame-work of"institutional environment-organizational traits"based on institutional logic theory,and adopts a multi-case study ap-proach.The results of the study show that the relationships a-mong multiple subjects,including property management compa-nies,units,street offices,and community residents,the compecompeting institutional conflicts among the subjects lead to the"disorder"in the overall effectiveness of property management in old neighborhoods.The tension between the two characteristics of community neighborhood committees,namely"grassroots administrative organizations"and"mass autonomous organizations",poses a challenge for community neighborhood committees to handle institutional conflicts.The fundamental reasons including the unclear positioning of the main body,the mismatch of rights and responsibilities,the failure of social forces to truly play a role,and the lack of smooth coordination among multiple entities have affected the effectiveness of community neighborhood committe governance.This paper proposes a"four-in-one"approach to solve the property management problems in old neighborhoods by correcting the position,empowering,making up for the shortcomings,and integrating.