乡村绅士化对旅游社区居民日常生活的影响——以成都竹艺村为例

乡村绅士化是传统村落实现复兴的重要方式和过程,而游客、新村民等绅士群体的介入常导致地方主体趋于式微。选取成都竹艺村为实证案例,聚焦乡村旅游社区中的原住居民这一脆弱群体,采用参与式观察和深度访谈等质性方法,基于日常生活理论的微观视角探讨绅士化对居民认知、行为和情感的影响,并延伸对其地方认同及地方身份建构的讨论。研究发现:绅士化重构了乡村空间形态和功能意义,原住居民为获取更高的旅游收益,选择接纳绅士群体对于地方空间的价值认知,而对旅游资源的争夺使邻里关系由亲密转为竞争;乡村空间功能的居游交织要求原住居民进行身份转换,其日常生活围绕旅游业而展开,生计行为具有明显的服务业特征;绅士介入和地景变迁拆解了社区关系,造成地方记忆的集体失忆和原住居民的失所体验;原住居民的地方认同及地方身份建构与其日常生活互为反馈,共同实践缺失、经济收入和社会阶层分化导致社区认同消解,而个体尺度的收入增长和对于地方的价值认知有利于其积极身份的建构。基于此,提出了提升居民地方身份认同、打造多元共治的乡村旅游社区的相关建议。

Rural gentrification is considered a crucial means and process for the revival of traditional villages;howev-er,the involvement of external gentry often leads to the decline of the rural community.Using Chengdu Bamboo Craft Village as an empirical case,this study focuses on the vulnerable group of indigenous residents in rural tourism communities.Employing qualitative methods such as participatory observation and in-depth interviews,and adopting a micro-perspective based on the theory of everyday life,the research explores the impact of gentrification on residents'cognition,behavior,and emotions,and extends the discussion to their local identity and identity construction.The research finds that:gentrification reconstructs the spatial form and functional significance of rural areas;indigenous residents,seeking higher tourism revenue,choose to adopt the gentry's value perception of local space,leading to a shift in neighbor relationships from intimacy to competition due to the competition for tourism resources.The intertwining of rural space functions and tourism demands necessitates identity transformation among indigenous residents,whose everyday lives revolve around the tourism industry,showcasing distinct characteristics of service-oriented livelihood behaviors.Gentry intervention and landscape changes dismantle community relationships,resulting in collective amnesia of local memories and a sense of displacement among community residents.Residents'local identity and identity construction are mutually influenced by their everyday lives;the lack of shared practices,differentiation in tourism income and social stratum contribute to the dissolution of community identity,while individual income growth and a positive perception of local values facilitate active identity construction.Based on these findings,recommendations are proposed to enhance residents'local identity and create a diversified governance approach for rural tourism communities.