微创小切口人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨头坏死的临床疗效观察

Clinical efficacy of minimally invasive small-incision artificial total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of femoral head necrosis

目的探讨微创小切口人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨头坏死的临床疗效。方法选取2016年5月至2020年5月聊城市妇幼保健院收治的80例股骨头坏死患者作为研究对象,依据治疗方法的不同分为常规组与观察组,每组40例。常规组采用外侧入路人工髋关节置换术,观察组采用微创小切口人工全髋关节置换术,比较两组围手术期指标(术中出血量、手术时间、切口长度)、髋关节功能(Harris)评分及并发症发生率。结果观察组术中出血量少于常规组,手术时间、切口长度均短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组Harris评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微创小切口人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨头坏死临床疗效确切,能减少术中出血量,缩短手术时间,有助于改善患者髋关节功能,降低术后并发症发生率。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of minimally invasive small-incision artificial total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of femoral head necrosis.Methods 80 patients with femoral head necrosis admitted to Liaocheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May 2016 to May 2020 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into the conventional group and the observation group according to different treatment methods,with 40 cases in each group.The conventional group underwent lateral approach artificial hip replacement,while the observation group underwent minimally invasive small-incision total hip replacement,the perioperative indexes(intraoperative blood loss,operative time,incision length),hip function(Harris)score and complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results The amount of blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the conventional group,and the operation time and incision length were shorter than those in the conventional group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the Harris scores of the two groups were higher than before treatment,and the observation group was higher than the conventional group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the conventional group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Minimally invasive small-incision total hip replacement is effective in the treatment of femoral head necrosis,which can reduce intraoperative blood loss,shorten operative time,improve the hip function of patients and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.