个体化热量-蛋白质饮食管理在肝硬化失代偿期患者中的应用

Application of individualized caloric-protein dietary management in patients with decompensated cirrhosis

目的探讨个性化热量-蛋白质饮食管理在肝硬化失代偿期患者中的应用。方法选取2019年3月至2020年6月高州市人民医院收治的110例肝硬化失代偿期患者作为研究对象,采用抽签法分为观察组与对照组,各55例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用个体化热量-蛋白质饮食管理,比较两组治疗前后营养状态、生命质量、并发症发生情况。结果两组营养评定量表(PG-SGA)评分组间、时间、交互比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组PG-SGA评分比较差异无统计学意义;护理后1个月,两组PG-SGA评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后3个月,两组PG-SGA评分均低于护理前、护理后1个月,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组生理健康、心理健康、社会关系、周围环境评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为1.82%,低于对照组的12.73%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论个性化热量-蛋白质饮食管理护理肝硬化失代偿期患者,可改善患者营养状态,降低并发症发生率,提高患者生命质量。

Objective To investigate the application of individualized caloric-protein dietary management in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.Methods A total of 110 patients with decompensated cirrhosis treated in Gaozhou People's Hospital from March 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into the observation group and the control group,with 55 cases in each group by drawing lots.The control group was treated with routine nursing,and the observation group was treated with individualized caloric-protein dietary management on the basis of the control group,the nutritional status,life quality and complications were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results There were significant differences in patient-generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)scores between the two groups of group,time point and interaction(P<0.05).Before nursing,there was no significant difference in PG-SGA scores between the two groups;1 month after nursing,PG-SGA scores of the two groups were lower than before nursing,and the observation group was lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At 3 months after nursing,the PG-SGA scores of the two groups were lower than before nursing and 1 month after nursing,and the observation group was lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of physical health,mental health,social relations and surrounding environment in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was 1.82%,which was lower than 12.73%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized caloric-protein dietary management can improve the nutritional status,reduce the incidence of complications and improve the quality of life of patients with decompensated cirrhosis.