论陈彦小说自然观念之变及其意义

On the Change and Significance of the Concept of Nature in Chen Yan’s Novels

以文学地理论,陈彦数部长篇小说中所敞开的世界,均可归入广义的“秦岭叙述”一并讨论。但作为深具地理、文化和精神意涵的“秦岭”,在不同作品中意义的重心并不相同。《西京故事》中罗天福一家所居之“塔云山”,远离城市,风景优美,且秉有重要的精神意涵,却是主人公可以远望却难以生活于其间的所在。《装台》中叙述之“镇安”乡村之于韩梅的意义亦是如此。其间城乡二元对立的思维颇为鲜明。《主角》视野更为阔大,从宁州到省秦,不独地理空间扩大,秦岭作为人物精神参照的意义更加丰富,也更具文化和精神意涵。至新作《星空与半棵树》,“人事”与“自然”交互影响所敞开之全新可能,已然打破了城乡二元结构思维的窠臼,包含着新时代乡村社会主义实践的重要内容。从“内在于人间世”到“内在于天地自然”,陈彦自然观念之变,乃是极为复杂的时代和现实议题的重要表征,远非文学观念的调适所能概括。

In terms of literary geography,the worlds opened up in Chen Yan’s novels can be discussed in the broader context of the Qinling Narrative.However,as the“Qinling”has deep geographical,cultural,and spiritual connotations,the center of significance is not the same in different works.In“Tales of the Western Capital”,Luo Tianfu’s family lives in Tayun Mountain,which is far away from the city,has beautiful scenery,and holds important spiritual connotations,while it is a place that the protagonist can look at from far away,it is difficult for them to live in it.The countryside of Zhen’an,as narrated in“Zhuang Tai”,has the same significance for Han Mei.The dichotomy between urban and rural areas is quite distinct.“Zhu Jue”has a broader vision,from Ningzhou to Qin Province,not only expanding the geographical space,but also enriching the significance of the Qinling Mountains as the character’s spiritual reference,as well as giving it more cultural spiritual connotations.As for the new work“The Starry Sky and Half a Tree”,the new possibilities opened up by the interaction between“human resources”and“nature”have already broken the stereotypes of urban-rural binary structure thinking,and contain the important contents of the practice of rural socialism in the new era.The change in Chen Yan’s concept of nature from“inside the world”to“inside the nature”is an important symbol of the extremely complex issues of the times and reality,which can be far from being summarized by the adjustment of literary concepts.