冬虫夏草菌菌丝体中的氨基酸及其衍生物的代谢组学分析

Metabolomic Analysis of Amino Acids and Their Derivatives in Mycelium of Ophiocordyceps sinensis Strains

为探究冬虫夏草菌(Ophiocordyceps sinensis)菌丝体氨基酸及其衍生物的差异性,采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱(Ultra performance liquid chromatography,tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)技术对3株冬虫夏草菌(玉树菌株XSH、达日菌株DR、贵德菌株LJ)菌丝体的氨基酸及其衍生物进行靶向定量检测,利用主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(Orthogonal signal correction and partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)考察样品分类情况、筛选差异代谢物。结果表明,3株菌株菌丝体中均检测到72种氨基酸及其衍生物,发现除组氨酸外可合成蛋白质的19种氨基酸,菌株XSH的总氨基酸及必需氨基酸绝对含量均高于其他菌株。菌株XSH相比菌株DR和菌株LJ分别含有29种和28种差异氨基酸及其衍生物,菌株DR相比菌株LJ含有10种差异氨基酸及其衍生物,此外,3株菌株菌丝体含有3个共有的差异氨基酸及其衍生物,分别为高精氨酸、N-乙酰-L-谷氨酰胺、肌氨酸。京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析显示,差异氨基酸及其衍生物在精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢通路中更活跃,不同产区冬虫夏草菌株的氨基酸含量可能受精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢通路的影响。基于研究结果发现不同产区的冬虫夏草菌株的氨基酸及其衍生物存在较大的差异。

In order to explore the differences between amino acids and their derivatives of Ophiocordyceps sinensis strains,UPLC-MS/MS(Ultra performance Liquid Chromatography,Tandem Mass Spectrometry)detection platform was used for metabolomic analysis,OPLS-DA(Orthogonal Signal Correction and Partial Least Squares-discriminant Analysis)and PCA(Principal Component Analysis)were used to investigate the classification of samples and screen for differential metabolites.The results showed that a total of 72 amino acids and their derivatives were detected in 3 different O.sinensis,including 19 amino acids that were able to synthesize proteins except for histidine.The absolute contents of total amino acids and essential amino acids in O.sinensis XSH were higher than those in other producing areas.It was found that there were 29 and 28 different amino acids and their derivatives in XSH compared with DR and LJ,while DR and LJ had 10 different amino acids and their derivatives,which were found in different production areas.There were three common differential amino acids and their derivatives,homoarginine,N-acetyl-L-glutamine,and sarcosine.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KECG)pathway enrichment analysis showed that differential amino acids and their derivatives were more active in arginine and proline metabolic pathways,and the content of amino acids in different production areas might be affected by arginine and proline metabolic pathways.Based on the results of the study,it was found that the amino acids and their derivatives of O.sinensis from different production areas differed significantly.