非物质文化遗产呈现的空间叙事与日常生活的“真实性”——一项基于人、物与技术革命的博物馆人类学研究

Spatial Narratives of Intangible Cultural Heritage Presentation and Authenticity of Everyday Life: An Anthropological Study of Museums Based on People, Objects and Technological Revolution

与博物馆展示“物的叙事”范式不同的是,非遗馆的展示要重构“人/物并置”的空间叙事,呈现具有“灵韵”的日常生活的文化表征空间。人/物并置的空间叙事旨在通过表征空间再生产,把非遗的个体叙事和集体叙事融合于非遗展览展示的物理空间;同时,又走出非遗馆,在更大的社会空间里,通过人、物和新技术的链接,再现日常生活的多重真实性,包括通过推动场馆的社区化融合,呈现非遗的空间真实性;以社区/群体/个人(CGIs)互嵌的参与式策展,把握非遗的主体真实性;打造展示与体验合一的模式,体现非遗的过程真实性;以及汲取现当代艺术的批判意识,获得非遗的超验真实性。

Unlike the conventional approach of“object-based narrative”in museum exhibitions,the presentation of intangible cultural heritage(ICH)should focus on the construction of a spatial narrative that highlights both people and objects and create a representational space of everyday life with cultural aura.This new approach recreates the representational space by integrating individual and collective narratives into the physical exhibition space.Meanwhile,it extends beyond the museum site into a broader social space by linking people,objects,and new technologies and represents the multifaceted authenticity of everyday life.This includes promoting the integration of museums and communities to present spatial authenticity,using participatory curation with communities/groups/individuals(CGIs)embedded in each other to grasp subject authenticity,creating an integrated model of display and experience to reflect process authenticity,and drawing on the critical consciousness of modern contemporary art to obtain transcendental authenticity.