微创介入技术治疗症状性多囊肝的临床应用及进展

The application of minimally-invasive interventional technique in the clinical treatment of symptomatic polycystic liver disease and its recent advances

多囊性肝病(polycystic liver disease,PLD)是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,多数患者无临床症状,少数伴有严重并发症的症状性多囊肝需要治疗。肝移植是症状性多囊肝病患者唯一的根治方法,但由于供体缺乏、手术费用昂贵,且风险大,多数患者无法进行肝移植。近年来以经皮囊肿硬化术及经动脉栓塞术为代表的微创介入技术以其创伤小、恢复快、可重复、安全性高、并发症较少等诸多优势,已成功应用于治疗症状性多囊肝,并取得了医患双方的认可。因此微创介入技术将是未来症状性多囊肝治疗的发展方向,可以改善局部症状、提高患者的生活质量。本文旨在对经皮囊肿硬化术及经动脉栓塞术治疗症状性多囊肝的原理机制、引导方式、适应证及禁忌证,在治疗多囊肝临床应用中存在的优势与不足以及相关并发症进行综述。

Clinically,polycystic liver disease(PLD) is a rare genetic disease.Most patients have no clinical symptoms,and a few patients with symptomatic PLD complicated by serious complications need to be treated.Liver transplantation is the only radical treatment for patients with symptomatic PLD.However,most patients are not able to receive liver transplantation due to a lack of donors,expensive surgical cost,and high risk.Because of its many advantages such as less trauma,fast recovery,repeatable,high safety and fewer complications,the minimally-invasive interventional techniques,represented by percutaneous cyst sclerotherapy and transcatheter arterial embolization,have been successfully employed for the treatment of symptomatic PLD in recent years,moreover,its clinical effect has been recognized by both doctors and patients.Therefore,as it can improve the local symptoms and the quality of life of patients,the therapy using minimally-invasive interventional technique will become the development direction for the treatment of symptomatic PLD.This article aims to make a comprehensive review concerning the principle,mechanism,guiding mode,clinical application,advantages and disadvantages,and related complications of percutaneous cyst sclerotherapy and transcatheter arterial embolization therapy in the treatment of symptomatic PLD.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,32:208-212)