马来史诗《杭·杜亚传》中的象征表达及其历史文化内涵

The Symbolic Expression in the Malay Epic Hikayat Hang Tuah and its Historical and Cultural Connotations

象征广泛地出现于各类文学作品中,是民间文学中的常见现象。作为马来古典文学中最具影响力的英雄史诗,《杭·杜亚传》讲述了马六甲王国的传奇英雄杭·杜亚为国建功立业的不朽功勋,其中出现的许多人物、动物和神物等都具备象征意义。通过分析《杭·杜亚传》中的三种象征表达,并深入解读其中蕴含的马来传统历史文化内涵,可以发现史诗《杭·杜亚传》中的象征表达,或取材于马来民族的发展历史,或选取民族文化精粹,浸润着马来文化传统元素,不仅符合马来民族的审美情趣,更折射出马来民族的传统价值观。

Symbolism is a common phenomenon which widely appears in various literary works.As the most infuential heroic epic in Malay classical literature,Hikayat Hang Tuah portrayed the legendary hero of Malacca,Hang Tuah,who made exordinary contributions to the country.This article analyzes three types of symbolic expressions in Hikayat Hang Tuah and explains the historical and cultural connotations of these expressions in Malay tradition.Based on the Malay history,the symbolic expressions in this epic selected traditional elements of Malay culture and refected the traditional values of the Malays.