基于仿生调控的通水弯管声振特性研究

Research on acoustic and vibration characteristics of seawater pipeline based on bionic control

基于仿生学原理对生物结构进行合理简化,并将简化后的仿生织构应用于海水管路,分析带仿生织构的海水管路的声振特性.基于循环水管路实验平台,实验研究了典型海水管路附件,佐证了数值计算方法的可靠性;进一步对带仿生织构的海水管路进行实验,验证仿生织构减振降噪的有效性.结果表明:在低频处,管路主要以流噪声为主,流噪声峰值频率依赖于管路声学模态;仿生织构的存在可以改善出流段流速分布,抑制壁面速度过大引起的流体分离现象,减少涡量的产生;其中仿生织构布置在入口段中间、入口段尾部、出口段首部及出口段中间情况下对流场分离的改善较为明显,可以抑制弯头内侧出的低速流体聚集,对弯管声振特性影响的效果最好.

Biological structures were reasonably simplified based on bionics principles,the simplified bionic texture was applied to seawater pipelines,and the acoustic characteristics of seawater pipelines with bionic texture were analyzed.Based on the circulating water pipeline experimental platform,the experimental study of typical seawater pipeline accessories was carried out,which proved the reliability of the numerical calculation method.Further experimental research was carried out on seawater pipelines with bionic texture to verify the effectiveness of bionic texture in vibration and noise reduction.The results show that,at low frequencies,the pipeline is mainly dominated by flow noise,and the peak frequency of flow noise depends on the acoustic mode of the pipeline.The existence of bionic texture can improve the flow velocity distribution in the outlet section,inhibit the fluid separation phenomenon caused by excessive wall velocity,and reduce the generation of vorticity.The bionic texture arrangement in the middle of the inlet section,the tail of the inlet section,the head of the outlet section and the middle of the outlet section can obviously improve the flow field separation,which can effectively inhibit the low-speed fluid accumulation from the inside of the elbow,and has the best effect on the acoustic vibration characteristics of the elbow.