虚拟货币犯罪治理难点及对策研究

Research on the Difficulties and Countermeasures of Virtual Currency Crime Governance

网络信息技术在推动数字经济快速发展的同时,衍生出诸多以虚拟货币为主的金融产品。虚拟货币交易的技术优势,奠定了该类犯罪数据存储“虚实”兼备、资金流转高频、组织层级明显的特征。实践中,犯罪分子利用虚拟货币实施网络洗钱、传销、诈骗、盗窃等各类犯罪表现形式,对国家金融安全构成了严重挑战。然而,现有的虚拟货币犯罪治理工作在定罪量刑、追踪管制、线索落地等方面存在诸多困境。鉴于此,虚拟货币犯罪治理应从几个方面着手,一要统一法律规范,加强行业监管;二要积极拓展犯罪线索渠道,提升风险预警水平;三要提升取证能力,推动域外交流协作。从而有效提升虚拟货币犯罪治理能力。

While promoting the rapid development of the digital economy,network information technology has derived many financial products based on virtual currency.The technical advantages of virtual currency transactions have laid the foundation for the characteristics of this type of criminal data storage,such as both“virtual and real”data storage,high-frequency capital flow,and obvious organizational hierarchy.In practice,criminals use virtual currencies to commit various crimes including online money laundering,pyramid schemes,fraud,and theft,which pose a serious challenge to national financial security.However,there are many difficulties in the existing governance of virtual currency crimes in terms of conviction and sentencing,tracking control,and clue landing.In view of this,the governance of virtual currency crimes should start from the following aspects:first,it is necessary to unify legal norms and strengthen industry supervision;Second,it is necessary to actively expand the channels of criminal clues and improve the level of risk monitoring;Third,it is necessary to improve the ability to collect evidence and promote extraterritorial exchanges and cooperation.A number of measures should be taken at the same time in order to effectively improve the ability of virtual currency crime management.