钛/铝异种金属扩散连接及其界面调控的研究进展

Research progress on diffusion bonding technology and interface regulation of Ti/Al dissimilar metal

钛/铝复合构件具有轻量化、高强度、耐腐蚀等优势,使其广泛应用于新能源汽车、航空航天等领域。但是钛/铝之间的物理性能差异较大,且冶金反应容易生成如TiAl_(3),TiAl等脆性的金属间化合物,导致钛/铝异种金属接头性能下降。为了解决上述问题,基于扩散连接技术在异种金属连接方面变形小、无污染、冶金结合致密等优势,文中详细讨论了扩散连接技术在钛/铝异种金属连接上的应用,以及连接温度、保温时间、压力等焊接工艺参数、焊后热处理工艺、中间层对接头的影响。重点总结了工艺调控和添加中间层调控钛/铝接头的组织和性能。结果表明,工艺调控和添加中间层调控相结合可以最大限度的调控脆性金属间化合物的类型和降低金属间化合物的厚度。在此基础上,讨论了钛/铝异种金属扩散连接的发展趋势。

Titanium/aluminum composite components have advantages of lightweight,high strength,corrosion resistance and so on,which make them widely used in new energy vehicles,aerospace and other fields.However,there are large difference between physical properties of titanium and aluminum,and brittle intermetallic compounds such as TiAl_(3) and TiAl are easily produced,which leads to performance degradation of titanium/aluminum dissimilar metal joints.In order to solve the above problems,based on advantages of diffusion bonding technology in dissimilar metal bonding,such as small deformation,no pollution and dense metallurgical bonding,application of diffusion bonding technology in titanium/aluminum dissimilar metal bonding was discussed in detail,as well as influence of welding parameters such as bonding temperature,holding time and pressure,post-welding heat treatment process and intermediate layer on welded joints.Microstructure and properties of titanium/aluminum joints controlled by process control and addition of intermediate layer were summarized.The results showed that combination of process control and suitable intermediate layer could minimize type of brittle intermetallic compounds and reduce thickness of intermetallic compounds.On this basis,development trend of titanium/aluminum dissimilar metal diffusion bonding was discussed.