黄河流域生态环境测度水平的区域差异和分布动态——基于强可持续发展理论的实证分析

Research on Regional Differences and Distribution Dynamics of Ecological Environment Level in the Yellow River Basin——Empirical Analysis Based on Strong Sustainable Development Theory

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展已经成为国家战略。本文基于强可持续发展理论,利用黄河流域57个地级市的面板数据,刻画黄河流域生态环境的时空演变轨迹和区域差异。实证研究结果表明,黄河流域生态环境指数呈上升趋势,生态损害和生态建设均持续改善,生态建设指数的提高对黄河流域生态环境改善的影响更大。黄河上游生态环境相对较好,黄河下游生态环境相对较差。黄河流域生态环境总体差异在不断缩小,区域间差异是主要影响因素。黄河流域生态环境的密度分布曲线中心呈小幅度右移趋势,前期生态环境存在两极分化现象,而后期则两极分化现象减弱。黄河流域核密度曲线前期存在左拖尾现象,后期消失,峰度呈现“上升—下降—上升”的变化趋势,均印证黄河流域各地区的生态环境持续改善,差距在不断缩小。同时,黄河流域生态环境呈现出明显的板块化特征,因此,应按照流域特点进行生态环境治理。

Ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin have become a national strategy.Based on the theory of strong sustainable development,this paper uses the panel data of 57 prefecture-level cities,prefectures and leagues in the Yellow River Basin to describe the temporal and spatial evolution track and regional differences of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin.The empirical research results show that the eco-environment index of the Yellow River Basin is on the rise,and both ecological damage and ecological construction have been continuously improved,and the improvement of the eco-construction index has a greater impact on the improvement of the eco-environment of the Yellow River Basin.The ecological environment in the upper reaches of the Yellow River is relatively good,while the ecological environment in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is relatively poor.The overall difference of ecological environment in the Yellow River basin is shrinking,and the inter-regional difference is the main influencing factor.The center of the density distribution curve of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin moves to the right in a small range,and the ecological environment is polarized in the early stage,but the polarization phenomenon is weakened in the later stage.The nuclear density curve of the Yellow River Basin has left trailing phenomenon in the early stage,but it disappears in the later stage,and the kurtosis shows a changing trend of“rising-falling-rising”,which proves that the ecological environment in various regions of the Yellow River Basin continues to improve and the gap is narrowing.The results show that the ecological environment of the Yellow River basin presents obvious plate characteristics,and it is of practical significance to carry out ecological environment governance according to the characteristics of the basin.