古典诗歌中“河清”意象的内涵累积及文化意义

The Connotation Accumulation of the Image of“Clarity of the Yellow River”in Classical Poetry and Its Literary and Cultural Significance

黄河澄清是一种自然现象,在古代多被赋予人文意蕴,形成中国古典诗歌中的“河清”意象。先秦至唐,“河清”被赋予情感表达与政治祥瑞两种意涵。唐以后,意象叠加的形式使“河清”彰显古人的生存智慧,推动河流文学书写的发展。宋以来,“河清”进入河患书写,开始具有黄河安澜之意,其文学功用被进一步放大,以人文关怀实现心灵疗救,以批判精神指刺时弊。在清末民初思想转型中,“河清”的祥瑞意涵得以重构,展现自强不息的民族精神,清遗民诗人笔下的“河清”也体现出该意象的复杂性与多义性。“河清”意象的内涵累积,不仅丰富着古典诗歌表达,反映古典文学中民族意象的演进机制,更成为启迪现代社会的重要民族文化基因。

The Clarity of the Yellow River is a natural phenomenon.The humanistic implication was often given to it in ancient times,forming a unique image of“Clarity of the Yellow River”in Chinese classical poetry.From Pre Qin to Tang Dynasty,“Clarity of the Yellow River”is given two relatively independent meanings of reference and auspicious sign.Since the Tang Dynasty,In the form of image superimposition,“Clarity of the Yellow River”shows the survival wisdom of the ancient people and promotes the development of the writing of river literature.Since the Song Dynasty,“Clarity of the Yellow River”has the meaning of“tranquility of the Yellow River”.Since it entered the writing of flood,its literary function has been further amplified.Spiritual healing is achieved with humanistic care and current malpractice is criticized with a critical spirit.In the meliorism and thought change in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,the auspicious meaning of“Clarity of the Yellow River”was redeveloped and the national spirit of self-improvement was shown.The“Clarity of the Yellow River”in the works of adherents of the Qing Dynasty poets also shows the complexity and ambiguity of the image.The image of“Clarity of the Yellow River”not only shows the evolution mechanism of the national image in classical literature but also becomes an important national cultural gene inspiring modern society.