深圳市医院床位配置情况及利用效率分析

Analysis of Bed Allocation and Utilization Efficiency of Hospitals in Shenzhen

目的分析深圳市2017—2021年医院床位配置情况以及利用效率情况,为优化医院床位资源配置提供参考。方法采用描述性统计分析方法、床位效率指数和床位利用模型等方法对深圳市医院5年医院床位配置情况和利用效率进行评价。结果深圳市床位数量持续增长,增长率最高达到21.54%,每千常住人口床位数量从2017年的3.04张增长到2021年的3.25张。从床位效率指数看,深圳市3类(综合、专科、中医)医院均属于运行低效率。政府办医院除了2020年属于运行低效率外,其他年份均属于运行高效率;而社会办医院则5年属于是运行低效率,床位效率指数均低于0.4。从床位利用模型看,深圳市综合医院为周转型医院,中医医院前2年为压床型医院,后转为效率型医院,专科性医院则为闲置型医院;政府办医院5年均为效率型医院,而社会办医院则5年均为闲置型医院。结论要合理配置卫生资源增加床位数,提高医院收治和床位使用效率,各类别医院床位改进提升要因地制宜,以整合医疗理念促进就医连续性实现。

Objective To analyze the allocation and utilization efficiency of hospital beds from 2017-2021,and to provide a reference for the optimal allocation of hospital bed resources in Shenzhen.Methods Descriptive statistics method,bed efficiency index and bed utilization model were used to evaluate the hospital bed allocation and utilization efficiency of Shenzhen hospitals for 5 years.Results The number of beds in Shenzhen increased every year,with the highest growth rate of 21.54%,and the number of beds per 1000 resident population increased from 3.04 in 2017 to 3.25 in 2021.From the bed efficiency index,all three types of hospitals(general hospitals,specialized hospitals,traditional Chinese medicine hospitals)in Shenzhen are operating at low efficiency.Government-run hospitals are operating at high efficiency except for 2020,while socially-run hospitals are operating at low efficiency for five years,with bed efficiency indexs below 0.4.From the bed utilization model,Shenzhen general hospitals are turnover hospitals,Chinese medicine hospitals are bed-pressure hospitals for the first two years and then turn into efficiency hospitals,and specialty hospitals are idle hospitals.The government-run hospitals were efficient hospitals for 5 years,while the socially-run hospitals were idle hospitals for 5 years.Conclusion It is necessary to reasonably allocate health resources to increase the number of beds,improve the ability of hospitals to admit and absorb patients,and improve the operational efficiency of beds;the improvement and upgrading of beds in various types of hospitals should be tailored to local conditions to promote the realization of the continuity of care by integrating the concept of health care.