胶东半岛矮化密植苹果优质高产栽培成效及管理技术

Cultivation Effect and Management Techniques of Dwarf and Densely Planted Apples for High Quality and High Yield in Jiaodong Peninsula

胶东半岛是我国苹果生产的优势产区之一,近年来,随着苹果产业的规模化发展,其栽培方式由乔化稀植向矮化密植转化,并已成为当前发展的主流趋势。基于此,本文总结了胶东半岛矮化密植苹果高效栽培的成效,并从果园的整地、品种和砧木选择、整形修剪、水肥管理、病虫害防治和越冬管理等方面,对现代苹果矮化密植栽培管理技术进行了总结,以期为胶东地区苹果产业标准化种植,以及提高产量和品质提供参考。

Jiaodong peninsula is one of the advantageous production areas for apple production in China,and in recent years,with the rapid development of the apple industry on a large scale,its cultivation model has been changed from arborization and sparse planting to dwarfing and dense planting,and has become the mainstream trend of the current development.This paper summarized the effectiveness of efficient cultivation of dwarf and densely planted apples in Jiaodong peninsula,and summarized the modern dwarf and densely planted apple cultivation and management techniques from the orchard land preparation,variety and rootstock selection,shaping and pruning,water and fertilizer management,pest control and overwintering management,etc.,with a view to providing references for the standardized planting of apples industry in Jiaodong peninsula,as well as further improving the yield and quality.