基于FTA模型蓄能器失效风险分析与对策研究

FTA-Based Model Accumulator Failure Risk Analysis and Countermeasure Research

蓄能器作为轨道交通车辆制动系统中的重要组成部分,直接影响到制动压力稳定性的控制及电机、电磁阀等液压系统内其他关键部件的使用寿命,有必要对蓄能器的设计选型、使用、失效风险等方面进行分析。从蓄能器的结构组成及工作原理出发,针对蓄能器在轨道交通车辆制动系统中的特殊应用场景,收集并整理蓄能器失效模式,采用自上而下的失效演绎方法,建立故障树模型,归纳并总结出蓄能器的主要失效方式,作为研发设计、使用维护的来源及依据。结合轨道交通车辆制动系统中蓄能器的应用特点,从容量选型、预充气压力选定、安装及使用注意事项及售后运营维护等方面,阐述蓄能器的设计、使用、维护要点。结合蓄能器产品故障案例,提炼选型、设定、应用、维护建议,对制动系统集成商、车辆运营使用业主起到借鉴性的帮助。

As an important part of the braking system of rail transit vehicles,accumulator directly affects the stability control of braking pressure and the service life of other key components in the hydraulic system such as motor and solenoid valve.It is necessary to analyze the design,selection,use and failure risk of accumulator.Starting from the structural composition and working principle of the accumulator,the failure modes of the accumulator are collected and sorted out for the special application scenarios of the accumulator in the braking system of rail transit vehicles.The fault tree model is established by using the top-down failure deduction method,and the main failure modes of the accumulator are summarized as the source and basis for R&D design,use and maintenance.Combined with the application characteristics of accumulator in the braking system of rail transit vehicles,the key points of design,use and maintenance of accumulator are expounded from the aspects of capacity selection,pre-inflation pressure selection,installation and use precautions,and after-sales operation and maintenance.Combined with the failure cases of accumulator products,the refined selection,setting,application and maintenance suggestions are helpful for brake system integrators and vehicle operators.