FTO基因单核苷酸多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体及生长性状影响的研究

Effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms of FTO gene on carcass and growth traits of Heying black chickens

为了探究脂肪量和肥胖相关(fat mass and obesity associated,FTO)基因多态性及其对鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响,试验采用DNA测序检测鸡FTO基因编码区的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),并采用一般线性模型中的LSD法分析FTO基因多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响。结果表明:在FTO基因第5外显子和第7外显子上各检测到一个SNP位点,分别为g.57337C>A和g.64757T>G突变。g.57337C>A突变形成AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,g.64757T>G突变形成TT、TG和GG 3种基因型。g.57337C>A位点对和盈黑鸡屠体重、宰前活重、头重、胸肌重、腿肌重上、肝脏重、心脏重7个屠体性状有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),对8,10,16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。g.64757T>G位点对和盈黑鸡宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、屠体重和翅重5个屠体性状有显著影响(P<0.05),对16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。说明FTO基因g.57337C>A和g.64757T>G位点可作为和盈黑鸡屠体性状和生长性状遗传改良的重要候选分子标记。

In order to explore the polymorphism of fat mass and obesity associated(FTO)gene and its effects on chicken carcass traits and growth traits,in the experiment,DNA sequencing was used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in the coding region of FTO gene in chicken,the effects of FTO gene polymorphisms on carcass and growth traits in Heying black chicken was analyzed by LSD method in a general linear model.The results showed that two SNP loci were detected in exon 5 and exon 7 of FTO gene,which were g.57337C>A and g.64757T>G mutations,respectively.The mutation of g.57337C>A formed three genotypes of AA,AB and BB,and the mutation of g.64757T>G formed three genotypes of TT,TG and GG.The g.57337C>A locus had significant or extremely significant effects on seven carcass traits(P<0.05 or P<0.01)of slaughter weight,live weight before slaughter,head weight,chest muscle weight,leg muscle weight,liver weight and heart weight of Heying black chickens,and had significant effects on body weight at 8,10 and 16 weeks of age(P<0.05).The g.64757T>G locus had significant effects on five carcass traits of live weight before slaughter,full net chamber weight,semi-net chamber weight,slaughter weight and wing weight of Heying black chicken(P<0.05),and was significantly correlated with 16-week-old body weight(P<0.05).These results indicated that the g.57337C>A and g.64757T>G loci of FTO gene could be used as important candidate molecular markers for genetie improvement of carcass truits and growth traits in Heying black chickens.