资本投入与数字经济对产业创新影响研究——基于省域面板数据的经验分析

Research on the Impact of Capital Input and Digital Economy on Industrial Innovation-An Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data

数字经济正在成为重组要素资源、重塑经济结构、重构全球新发展格局的关键力量。采用中国2011—2021年省域面板数据,在构建反映数字经济发展水平的综合评价指标体系基础上,实证分析了资本投入和数字经济对提升产业创新能力的影响效应。实证结果表明:在引入控制变量的基础上,物质资本投入、人力资本投入和数字经济均对全国产业创新提升起到显著促进作用;资本投入和数字经济对区域的产业创新存在差异性,在东、西部地区,资本投入起到促进作用,在东、中部地区,数字经济起到促进作用;数字经济能够优化资本投入对产业创新能力的提升作用,即存在明显的中介效应;资本投入对产业创新的影响中,数字经济可以作为物质资本投入对产业创新的正负效应门限值,其中物质资本投入仍受限于边际报酬递减规律,而人力资本投入能够持续显著地提升产业创新能力。基于此,提出了资本投入应与数字经济发展水平相匹配、优化人才结构、重视省域间产业协同发展等对策建议。

Digital economy is becoming a critical strength in factor resources reorganization,economic structure rebuilding and the new global development pattern refactor.In this research,based on the construction of a comprehensive index system which can reflect the development level of digital economy,the panel data of 30 provinces in Chinese mainland from 2011 to 2021 was used to empirically analyze the effects of capital input and digital economy on the improvement of industrial innovation capacity.The empirical results showed that the material capital input,human capital input and digital economy can significantly promote the national industrial innovation on the basis of the control variables introduction.However,there are difference in regional industrial innovation which can be promoted by capital input or digital economy.Capital input can promote the industrial innovation in eastern and western regions,while digital economy will improve that in eastern and central regions.Digital economy can optimize the improvement of the industrial innovation capacity brought by the capital input,which is an obvious intermediary effect.In addition,digital economy can be regarded as the positive and negative effects threshold value of material capital input on industrial innovation in the influence of the capital input on industrial innovation.Material capital input is still limited by the law of diminishing marginal returns,while human capital input can continuously and significantly improve industrial innovation capacity.Based on this,some policy suggestions,which are:matching the capital input with the development level of digital economy;optimizing the talent structure and emphasizing the coordinated development of inter-provincial industries,have been presented.