糖尿病患者居家胰岛素注射护理干预分析

Analysis of Home Insulin Injection Nursing Intervention for Diabetic Patients

目的 分析经护理干预后糖尿病患者居家自护期间胰岛素使用情况。方法 选取2022年1—3月于重庆市武隆区人民医院出院后居家的糖尿病患者共计100例,采用随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组采用糖尿病患者居家常规血糖护理,观察组根据常规血糖护理中患者胰岛素使用情况进行总结分析,并根据原因制订护理干预措施,实施针对性护理干预。比较干预6个月后,糖尿病患者血糖控制情况、胰岛素使用知识掌握程度、依从性、行为变化以及不良事件发生情况。结果 干预后,观察组空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose, FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2-hour Postprandial Blood Glucose, 2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(Glycated Hemoglobin, HbA1c)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组胰岛素注射步骤、胰岛素针头更换、注射部位选择、拔针方式等评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组的胰岛素注射依从性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组胰岛素注射行为相关不良事件发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对糖尿病患者进行居家期间胰岛素注射护理干预,既可提高患者血糖控制效果和依从性,有利于掌握胰岛素注射相关知识,也可降低针刺伤发生率。

Objective To analyze the insulin use of diabetic patients during home self-care after nursing intervention.Methods A total of 100 diabetes patients discharged from Chongqing Wulong District People's Hospital from January to March 2022 at home were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 50 pa-tients in each group.The control group received home routine blood glucose care for diabetic patients,and the observa-tion group summarized and analyzed the insulin use of patients in routine blood glucose care,and formulated nursing intervention measures according to the causes,and implemented targeted nursing intervention.After 6 months of inter-vention,blood glucose control,insulin use knowledge,compliance,behavioral changes and adverse events were com-pared in diabetic patients.Results After intervention,the fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The scores of insulin injection procedure,insulin needle change,injection site selection and needle withdrawal method in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The insulin injection compliance of the ob-servation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events related to insulin injection behavior in observation group was lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention of insulin injection for diabetes patients at home can not only improve the effect of blood glucose control and compliance of patients,but also help to master the knowledge about insulin injection and reduce the incidence of needle stab injury.