肝移植术后代谢病患者标准化非药物管理方案的构建及应用

Construction and application of standardized non-drug management scheme for progeny patients with degenerative diseases after liver transplantation

目的 基于德尔菲专家函询法构建肝移植术后代谢病患者标准化非药物管理方案,分析应用效果。方法 选取2021年5月—2023年3月宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院收治的69例肝移植术后代谢病患者为研究对象,根据不同干预方式分为研究组(34例)与对照组(35例),研究组行肝移植术后代谢病患者标准化非药物管理,对照组进行常规护理管理,对比观察2组患者干预前及干预3、6个月后血糖、血压、血尿酸、血脂、BMI水平。结果 2组患者空腹血糖、收缩压、舒张压、血尿酸、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、BMI水平均随时间的延长逐渐降低(P<0.001),且除BMI外均存在交互作用(P<0.05);干预3、6个月,研究组患者空腹血糖[(7.20±1.23)mmol/L vs.(7.92±1.56)mmol/L、(6.82±1.09)mmol/L vs.(7.51±1.35)mmol/L,t=2.125、2.332,P=0.037、0.023]、收缩压、舒张压、血尿酸、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、BMI水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 建立肝移植术后代谢病患者标准化非药物管理方案,指导患者健康饮食、合理运动、改变不良生活习惯、提升心理健康状态,有利于纠正代谢紊乱。

Objective To establish standardized non-drug management scheme for progeny patients with degenerative diseases based on Delphi expert correspondence method,and analyze the practical effect.Methods Sixty-nine patients with progeny degenerative disease after liver transplantation treated in Li Huili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center from May 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the study objects.According to different intervention methods,they were divided into the study group(34 cases) and the control group(35 cases).The study group received standardized non-drug management of progeny degenerative disease patients after liver transplantation,while the control group received routine nursing management.The blood glucose,blood pressure,blood uric acid,blood lipid and BMI levels of the two groups were compared before intervention and 3 and 6 months after intervention.Results The levels of fasting blood glucose,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood uric acid,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,total cholesterol and BMI in both groups decreased gradually with the extension of time(P<0.001),and there were interactions except BMI(P<0.05).Regardless of time,3 to 6 months after the intervention,the levels of fasting blood glucose[(7.20±1.23) mmol/L vs.(7.92±1.56) mmol/L,(6.82±1.09) mmol/L vs.(7.51±1.35) mmol/L,t=2.125,2.332,P=0.037,0.023],systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood uric acid,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,total cholesterol and BMI in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The establishment of a standardized non-drug management program for patients with degenerative diseases after liver transplantation,which guides patients to eat a healthy diet,exercise reasonably,change their bad habits,and enhance their mental health status,is conducive to the correction of metabolic disorders.