血液病住院患者衰弱状况调查分析

Survey Analysis on Frailty Status of Inpatients with Hematological Diseases

目的:调查血液病住院患者衰弱状况,为制定血液病患者临床治疗方案提供依据。方法:选取2021年6月—2022年2月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第967医院血液科收治的血液病患者101例作为研究对象,采用Tilburg衰弱量表(TFI)评估患者衰弱状况,依据TFI评分将患者分为衰弱组与非衰弱组,比较两组血常规结果,统计衰弱组TFI各分数人数以及TFI各条目人数。结果:101例患者TFI≥5分49例,衰弱发生率为48.5%。衰弱组红细胞、血红蛋白水平低于非衰弱组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组白细胞、血小板水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。衰弱组TFI评分7(5,12)分,7分占比最多(26.5%),≥10分占比较少(10%);衰弱组在躯体维度占比>50.0%的分别为疲劳感(87.8%)、行走困难(71.4%)、握力下降(65.3%)、自评身体健康(63.3%)、视力下降(55.1%);心理维度占比>50.0%分别为记忆力减退(67.3%)、抑郁(51.0%);社会维度占比>50.0%为社会关系(91.8%)。结论:血液病住院患者衰弱发生率较高,衰弱程度处于中等水平,发生可能与贫血有关,临床应重视对血液病患者衰弱的评估,根据患者衰弱时所表现出的特征,采取针对性干预措施。

Objective:To survey the frailty status of inpatients with hematologic diseases,and provide a basis for the formulation of clinical treatment regimen for patients with hematological diseases.Methods:From June 2021 to February 2022,101 patients with hematological diseases hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of No.967 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force were selected as the study subjects.Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI)was used to assess the frailty status of inpatients.According to the TFI score,these patients were divided into frailty group and non-frailty group.The results of blood routine test were compared between the two groups.The number of TFI scores and TFI items in the frailty group were counted.Results:There were 49 cases with TFI≥5 points in 101 patients,and the incidence of frailty was 48.5%.The levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin(Hb)in the frailty group were lower than those in the non-frailty group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);while there was no significant difference in the levels of white blood cells and platelets between the two groups(P>0.05).The TFI score of the frailty group was 7 points(5,12),with 7 points accounting for the highest proportion(26.5%),and≥10 points accounting for a lower proportion(10%);the items with a proportion of>50.0%in the physical dimension in the frailty group included fatigue(87.8%),walking difficulty(71.4%),grip strength decline(65.3%),self-rated physical health(63.3%),and visual acuity decline(55.1%);the items with a proportion of>50.0%in the psychological dimension included memory loss(67.3%)and depression(51.0%);the items with a proportion of>50.0%in social dimension included social relationship(91.8%).Conclusion:The incidence of frailty in inpatients with hematological diseases is high,and the severity of frailty is moderate,which may be related to anemia.In clinical practice,the assessment of frailty in patients with hematological diseases should be emphasized,and targeted intervention measures should be taken according to the characteristics of patients when they are frail.