北京市部分医院老年内科护士临终关怀压力、死亡焦虑对职业倦怠的影响

The influence of hospice care stress and death anxiety on job burnout of elderly internal medicine nurses in some hospitals in Beijing City

目的 了解北京市部分医院老年内科护士职业倦怠状况,分析临终关怀压力和死亡焦虑对职业倦怠的影响。方法 2022年1—3月,采用便利抽样法,抽取北京市6家三级医院老年内科186名护士作为调查对象,采用临终关怀压力量表、死亡焦虑量表和职业倦怠量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 老年内科护士临终关怀压力得分为(128.46±14.28)分,死亡焦虑得分为(6.12±1.48)分,职业倦怠得分为(61.42±12.28)分;不同年龄、职称、工作年限、照顾濒死患者人数、参加丧葬次数和是否参加临终关怀相关培训的老年内科护士临终关怀压力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同年龄、职称、工作年限、照顾濒死患者人数、参加丧葬次数和是否参加临终关怀相关培训的老年内科护士死亡焦虑得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同年龄、职称、工作年限、照顾濒死患者人数和是否参加临终关怀相关培训的老年内科护士职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);老年科护士临终关怀压力得分与职业倦怠得分呈正相关(r=0.562,P<0.01),死亡焦虑得分和职业倦怠得分呈正相关(r=0.584,P<0.01),临终关怀压力得分与死亡焦虑得分呈正相关(r=0.648,P<0.01);临终关怀压力和死亡焦虑可联合解释老年科护士职业倦怠变异量的36.2%。结论 北京市部分医院老年内科护士临终关怀压力和死亡焦虑对职业倦怠具有显著影响,降低临终关怀压力和死亡焦虑有助于降低其职业倦怠水平。

Objective To investigate the job burnout of elderly internal medicine nurses in some hospitals in Beijing City,and to explore the effects of hospice care pressure and death anxiety on job burnout.Methods From January to March 2022,a total of 186 geriatric internal medicine nurses from 6 tertiary hospitals in Beijing were selected by convenience sampling Method as the survey objects.The hospice care stress scale,death anxiety scale and job burnout scale were used to investigate and the data was analyzed.Results The scores of hospice care stress,death anxiety and job burnout of elderly medical nurses were(128.46±14.28),(6.12±1.48)and(61.42±12.28)points,respectively.The hospice care stress scores of geriatric internal medicine nurses with different ages,professional titles,working years,the number of patients taking care of dying diseases,the number of funerals and whether to participate in hospice care related training were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in death anxiety scores among geriatric internal medicine nurses with different ages,professional titles,working years,the number of patients taking care of dying diseases,the number of funerals and whether participated in hospice related training(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in job burnout scores among geriatric internal medicine nurses with different ages,professional titles,working years,number of patients taking care of dying diseases and whether they participated in hospice related training(all P<0.05).There were positive correlations between hospice care stress scores and job burnout scores of geriatric nurses(r=0.562,P<0.01),death anxiety scores and job burnout scores(r=0.584,P<0.01),and there was a positive correlation between hospice care stress scores and death anxiety scores(r=0.648,P<0.01).Hospice care stress and death anxiety could jointly explain 36.2%of the variation of job burnout of geriatric nurses.Conclusion The hospice care pressure and death anxiety of elderly medical nurses have significant effects on job burnout,and reducing hospice care pressure and death anxiety is helpful to reduce their job burnout level.