头颈部淋巴瘤亚型构成比及病理形态单中心研究

Composition analysis of head and neck lymphomas subtypes and pathological morphology:A single center study

目的分析头颈部淋巴瘤的病理类型、年龄、性别、部位分布特点。方法对2016年1月至2022年5月河北省眼科医院病理科诊断为头颈部淋巴瘤患者的年龄、性别、部位分布等特点进行回顾性。结果该组病例共197例,其中男129例,女68例;年龄3~87岁,平均年龄58.39岁;51~80岁为发病高发年龄。可明确分型192例,未能明确分型5例。明确分型的病例共14种不同的病理类型,除1例为经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)外,其他均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)。占比前三位的是弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤56例(28.43%),黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区淋巴瘤48例(24.37%),结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤44例(22.34%);发病部位居前三位的分别为眼眶(24.87%)、鼻腔(24.87%)、扁桃体(13.2%),其中15例为多发病灶。结论在头颈部淋巴瘤中,NHL发病率远高于HL,B细胞淋巴瘤中以弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤最多见,好发于扁桃体。其次黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区淋巴瘤,好发于眼眶。T或NK细胞淋巴瘤中,结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤最为多见,好发于鼻腔;罕见类型为HL。

Objective To retrospectively explore the pathological subtypes,age,sex,and site distributions of patients with head and neck lymphomas.Methods The age,sex,and site distributions of patients with head and neck lymphomas treated in Department of Pathology,Hebei Eye Hospital during 2016 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 197 patients with the mean age of 58.39(3-87)years were recruited,including 129 males and 68 females.The onset of head and neck lymphomas was mainly ranged from 51 to 80 years of age.Pathological subtypes of head and neck lymphomas were made in 192 patients,with 5 cases of unknown subtypes.Among the 14 pathological subtypes,all patients were confirmed as the non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)except for 1 with the classic Hodgkin lymphoma(HL).The top 3 pathological subtypes of head and neck lymphomas were the diffuse large B-cell lymphomas(n=56,28.43%),extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(n=48,24.37%)and extranodal NK/T cell lymphomas(n=44,22.34%).The top 3 sites that were mostly affected by head and neck lymphomas were the orbit(24.87%),nasal cavity(24.87%)and tonsil(13.2%),involving 15 patients with more than one site to be affected by tumor lesions.Conclusion The incidence of NHL is much higher than that of HL in patients with head and neck lymphomas.Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas are the major subtype of B-cell lymphomas that mainly affect the tonsils.Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue are the second most frequent subtype of head and neck lymphomas that mainly affect the orbit.Extranodal NK/T cell lymphomas are the most common subtype of T or NK cell lymphomas that mainly affect the nasal cavity.HL is the rare subtype of head and neck lymphomas.