黄山市临床护士情绪劳动与工作倦怠的关系——心理资本的中介作用

Relationship between emotional labor and job burnout of clinical nurses in Huangshan city——mediating role of psychological capital

目的探讨黄山市临床护士情绪劳动、心理资本与工作倦怠之间的关系。方法于2022年12月—2023年2月,采用情绪劳动量表(ELS)、心理资本量表(PCQ-R)、工作倦怠量表(MBI-GS中文版),对黄山市几所影响力较大的医院481名临床一线护士进行调查。结果黄山市临床护士情绪劳动处于中等水平[(52.02±10.20)分],心理资本处于中等偏上水平[(101.47±15.37)分],工作倦怠处于中等水平[(54.49±11.50)分];临床护士的情绪劳动与工作倦怠呈显著正相关(r=0.290,P<0.01)、与心理资本呈负相关(r=-0.103,P<0.05),心理资本与工作倦怠成显著负相关(r=-0.550,P<0.01)。情绪劳动可以通过心理资本的中介作用对工作倦怠产生影响,心理资本的中介效应占总效应约29.5%。结论黄山市临床护士情绪劳动不仅能够直接预测工作倦怠,也可以通过心理资本的中介作用对工作倦怠产生间接影响。加强情绪劳动管理,提升心理资本,对降低工作倦怠水平具有积极作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between emotional labor,psychological capital and job burnout among clinical nurses in Huangshan city.Methods A total of 481 clinical nurses from several influential hospitals in Huangshan city were investigated with emotional labor scale(ELS),psychological capital questionnaire(PCQ-R)and maslach burnout inventory-general survey(MBI-GS,Chinese version).Results Emotional labor of clinical nurses in Huangshan city was at a medium level(52.02±10.20),psychological capital was above the medium level(101.47±15.37),job burnout was at medium level(54.49±11.50).The emotional labor of clinical nurses was positively correlated with job burnout(r=0.290,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with psychological capital(r=-0.103,P<0.05),psychological capital was negatively correlated with job burnout(r=-0.550,P<0.01).The emotional labor could affect job burnout through the mediation of psychological capital.The mediating effect of psychological capital accounted for about 29.5% of the total effect.Conclusions Emotional labor of clinical nurses in Huangshan city can not only directly predict job burnout,but also indirectly affect job burnout through the mediating role of psychological capital.Strengthening emotional labor management and increasing psychological capital will play a positive role in reducing job burnout.