基于行动导向为核心的健康教育对甲状腺癌患者术后疾病认知及自理能力的影响

Effects of Based Action-oriented as the Core Health Education on Disease Cognition and Self-care Ability of Thyroid Cancer Patients after Surgery

目的:探讨基于行动导向为核心的健康教育对甲状腺癌术后疾病认知及自理能力的影响。方法:选取2022年1—12月在鹰潭市人民医院行甲状腺癌手术的患者84例,随机分为两组,观察组(42例)和对照组(42例)。对照组采用常规护理干预;观察组在对照组基础上采用基于行动向导为核心的健康教育。干预前后比较两组自制疾病认知问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)、生活质量核心量表(QLQ-C30);采用功能锻炼依从性量表比较干预后两组锻炼依从性;干预后比较两组并发症发生率及护理满意度。结果:干预后,观察组自制疾病认知问卷(疾病早期识别、疾病的危害、预防复发事项、饮食注意事项)良好例数均多于对照组(P<0.05);观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组自我概念、自我护理技能、自护责任感、健康知识水平评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组躯体功能、角色功能、社会功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组锻炼总依从率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组护理总满意率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于行动导向为核心的健康教育能有效提高甲状腺癌术后患者疾病认知能力和自理能力,缓解焦虑及抑郁心理,提高锻炼依从性和生活质量,同时减少并发症发生率,提升护理满意度。

Objective:To explore the effects of based action-oriented as the core health education on disease cognition and self-care ability of thyroid cancer patients after surgery.Method:A total of 84 patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery in Yingtan City People's Hospital from January to December 2022 were selected,and randomly divided into observation group(42 cases)and control group(42 cases).The control group was given routine nursing,while observation group was additionally given based action-oriented as the core health education.Before and after intervention,scores of self-made disease cognition questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)and the core quality of life(QLQ-C30)were compared between the two groups;the exercise compliance in the two groups was compared after intervention by functional exercise compliance scale;after intervention,incidence of complications and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Result:After intervention,the number of good cases in selfmade disease cognition questionnaire(early disease identification,disease harm,recurrence prevention matters,dietary precautions)in observation group were more than those in control group(P<0.05),scores of SAS and SDS were lower than those in control group(P<0.05),scores of self-concept,self-care skills,self-responsibility and health knowledge level in the observation group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05);scores of physical function,role function and social function in the observation group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Total compliance rate of exercise in the observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Nursing total satisfaction rate in the observation group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on action-oriented health education as the core can effectively improve disease cognition and self-care ability in patients after thyroid cancer surgery,relieve anxiety and depression,improve exercise compliance and quality of life,reduce the incidence of complications and improve nursing satisfaction.