静电纺丝一步法制备PS-PU复合纳米纤维超疏水表面的研究

Research of PS-PU composite nanofibers superhydrophobic surface prepared by one-step electrospinning method

将聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚氨酯(PU)溶于二甲基甲酰胺/四氢呋喃(DMF/THF)溶剂[m(DMF)∶m(THF)=1∶1]中,采用静电纺丝一步法制备具有微纳米微球-纤维掺杂结构的PS-PU复合纳米纤维超疏水表面,并探究影响该超疏水表面疏水性的因素。研究结果表明,溶液质量分数、PS和PU质量比及静电纺丝电压、推进速率等均对PS-PU复合纳米纤维超疏水表面的疏水性有较大影响。由单因素试验和三因素三水平正交试验结果可知,当溶液质量分数为3%、m(PS)∶m(PU)=1∶1、纺丝电压为16 kV、推进速率为1.2 mL/h、接收距离为15 cm时,所得PS-PU复合纳米纤维超疏水表面具有最佳的疏水性,且耐水冲击性良好。研究结果可为后续超疏水表面的构建提供参考。

Polystyrene(PS)and polyurethane(PU)were dissolved in dimethylformamide/tetrahydrofuran(DMF/THF)solvent with m(DMF)∶m(THF)=1∶1,and PS-PU composite nanofibers superhydrophobic surface with a micro/nano microsphere-fiber doped structure was prepared by one-step electrospinning method.Also,the factors affecting the hydrophobicity of the superhydrophobic surface were investigated.The research results showed that the hydrophobicity of PS-PU composite nanofibers superhydrophobic surface were greatly affected by the mass fraction of solution,mass ratio of PS to PU,electrospinning voltage and advancing rate.According to the results of the single factor and three-factor three-level orthogonal test,it was calculated and verified that when the solution mass fraction at 3%,m(PS)∶m(PU)at 1∶1,spinning voltage at 16 kV,advancing rate at 1.2 mL/h,and receiving distance at 15 cm,the PS-PU composite nanofibers superhydrophobic surface had the best hydrophobicity and good water impact resistance.The research results can provide reference for the subsequent construction of superhydrophobic surface.