新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株亚型XBB的流行特征及其科学防控

Epidemiological feature and scientific prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant XBB

目前新型冠状病毒感染仍处于全球大流行状态,Omicron变异株仍是全球优势株,在流行过程中不断进化和变异出现了许多新的亚型。XBB是由Omicron变异株BA.2.10.1和BA.2.75重组而成,于2022年8月在印度首次被发现,此后迅速传播成为新加坡、马来西亚及一些欧美国家的主要流行株,并演变出XBB.1、XBB.1.5等亚分支。与Omicron变异株其他亚型相比,XBB的免疫逃逸能力显著增强,但目前尚无证据表明XBB感染所致的疾病严重程度与Omicron其他亚型有差异。建议加强病毒变异监测、开展重点人群疫苗加强针接种、加速疫苗和药物研发、开展多源监测动态评估风险,及时采取科学防控措施,减少XBB毒株的威胁。

COVID-19 is still in the state of global pandemic currently.The Omicron variant is still the dominant strain worldwide,and many new subvariants have evolved and emerged continually during the pandemic.XBB is a recombinant of Omicron variants BA.2.10.1 and BA.2.75 sublineages,which was first identified in India in August 2022.Since then,it has rapidly spread to become the main epidemic variant in Singapore,Malaysia,as well as some European and American countries,and evolved some sublineages such as XBB.1,XBB.1.5,etc.XBB has a significantly increased immune escape ability compared with other circulating Omicron subvariants.But there is no evidence that the severity of XBB infection differs from other Omicron subvariants.It is recommended to strengthen the monitoring of virus mutation,carry out vaccination with booster doses in key populations,accelerate the research and development of vaccines and drugs,carry out multi-source monitoring to assess the risk dynamically,and timely take corresponding scientific prevention and control measures to reduce the threat of XBB strain.