基于全产业链的国家粮食安全产业带建设基础评价

THE EVALUATION OF NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY INDUSTRY BELT CONSTRUCTION FOUNDATION BASED ON THE WHOLE INDUSTRY CHAIN

[目的]通过对国家粮食安全产业带建设基础的客观评价,确定不同区域国家粮食安全产业带建设的比较优势和短板制约,为差异化区域发展路径提供依据和支撑。[方法]文章从全产业链的角度构建国家粮食安全产业带发展水平评价指标体系,并基于熵权法、全局莫兰指数和耦合协调度模型,对2020年东北、黄淮海和长江中下游平原国家粮食安全产业带产业链发展水平、空间相关性和协调度进行测度。[结果](1)由于其生产环节突出的比较优势,东北平原粮食安全产业带发展水平综合得分最高,黄淮海平原加工环节比较优势显著,长江中下游平原各环节都不具备比较优势,综合得分最低;(2)粮食生产和加工地理集聚特征显著,得分高的区域分布较为集中,而流通和服务支撑集聚特征不显著;(3)粮食产业链各环节间耦合协调度区域得分排名与综合发展水平一致,其中东北平原耦合协调度最高,且加工环节发展滞后于其他环节,黄淮海平原居中,流通体系建设相对滞后,而长江中下游平原最低,以濒临失调型为主。[结论]基于上述横向比较结果,按照“强化优势、补齐短板、重点突出、差异发展”的原则,认为东北平原、黄淮海平原和长江中下游平原应分别施行绿色优质生产引领、流通加工一体化和工贸带动的差异化发展路径。

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the construction foundation of national food security industrial belt,and get the comparative advantages and shortcomings of different regions,so as to provide the basis and support for the regional development path.From the perspective of the whole industrial chain,the evaluation index system was constructed.And based on the entropy weight method,the global Moran index and the coupling coordination degree model,the development level,spatial correlation and coordination degree of the industrial chain of the national food security industrial belt in Northeast plain,Huang-Huai-Hai plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2020 were measured.The results were showed as follows.(1) Due to its outstanding comparative advantages in production,the Northeast Plain scored the highest,while the Huang-Huai-hai Plain had a significant comparative advantage in processing,and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain scored the lowest.(2) The geographical agglomeration characteristics of grain production and processing were significant.The regions with high scores were concentrated,but the agglomeration of circulation and service support were not significant.(3) The regional score ranking of coupling coordination degree was consistent with the development level,the Northeast plain was the highest,and its processing lagged behind other links,the HuangHuai-hai Plain was in the middle,and the construction of the circulation was relatively lagging behind,and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain was the lowest.Based on the results,in accordance with the principle of "strengthening advantages,improving weakness,highlighting key points and developing differently",it is concluded that the Northeast Plain,Huang-Huai-hai Plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain should adopt the differentiated development paths of green and high-quality production leading,circulation and processing integration and industry and trade driving respectively.