低空智联网组网与控制理论方法

Networking and control mechanism for low-altitude intelligent networks

低空智联网(LAIN)作为一种新兴的智能网络,依托于空天地海基础设施构成数字智能网络体系,是空天地一体化网络的重要组成部分,可支撑实现第六代通信技术无缝泛在互联,推动智能网络服务由地面向低空空域的发展。然而,LAIN正处在技术突破阶段,仍面临以下关键挑战尚未解决,主要包括低空空域安全管控困难、频谱干扰严重、多维资源紧缺等问题。因此,面向LAIN体系架构与安全管控问题,综述了目前低空网络的发展现状,指出其对于产业技术变革的意义;然后,从频谱资源、网络资源以及空域资源管理的角度出发,分析了LAIN相关技术的国内外研究现状;进一步,剖析低空飞行器空地频谱共享、感传算一体化组网覆盖、低空空域智能监管等关键技术,为LAIN和低空空域的管理指明进一步的发展方向;最后,提出了LAIN的应用示范,旨在面向低空空域高效运行与安全的重大需求,为下一代空天地一体化网络的进一步发展提供理论依据和技术。

Low-Altitude Intelligent Network(LAIN),as a new type of intelligent network,relies on space-air-groundsea facilities to constitute a digital intelligent network system.It is a key component of the space-air-ground integrated network,and can support the seamless and ubiquitous connections of the sixth generation communication technology and promote the development of intelligent network service from ground to low-altitude space.However,LAIN is still in the developing stage and faces the following key challenges:intractability of aerial control,severe spectrum interfer⁃ence,and multi-dimensional resource limitation.This article focuses on the issues of LAIN architecture and safety con⁃trol,including the current development status of low-altitude network and its significance for industrial technology trans⁃formation.Then,from the perspective of spectrum resources,network resources,and airspace resource manage⁃ment,the recent related works are analyzed.Furthermore,we analyze the key technologies such as low-altitude air⁃craft air-ground spectrum sharing,sensing,transmission,computing networking coverage,low-altitude airspace intel⁃ligent supervision,and point out future development directions.Finally,an application demonstration of LAIN is pro⁃posed,aiming to satisfy the significant requirements for efficient operation and safety in low-altitude airspace,and pro⁃viding the theoretical basis as well as technology for the further development of the next generation space-air-ground integrated network.