多语习得中语言迁移的多维动态理论框架

The multidimensional-dynamic theoretical framework for language transfer in multilingual acquisition

为了解释并预测多语习得中各类语言迁移的动态变化,本文批判性地吸收前人的理论观点,以多语习得中迁移研究的主要发现为基础,从功能语言学视角提出多语习得中语言迁移的多维动态理论框架。该框架包含语言系统、语言表征、迁移、学习者因素和语境因素五大维度,均具有动态性;其中,迁移具有核心地位,其动态性是由其他四个维度的动态性决定的。在多语习得的不同阶段,各类语言迁移在性质、来源及数量等方面均表现出独特的动态变化特点。该框架为今后研究提供了蓝图和可检验预测。

To explain and predict how various types of language transfer dynamically change with the improvement of language proficiency,this paper proposes a multidimensional-dynamic theoretical framework(MDTF)for language transfer in multilingual acquisition from the functional perspective after critiquing previous theoretical accounts and synthesizing empirical findings.This framework is comprised of five dimensions:linguistic systems,linguistic representation,transfer,learner factors,and contextual factors.Among them transfer figures centrally,with its dynamicity stemming from the dynamicity of the other dimensions.More specifically,the types of language transfer demonstrate distinctive patterns of dynamic change in terms of nature,source,and quantity at different stages of multilingual development.MDTF provides a blueprint and testable predictions for future research.