“隐语”与“诗体”之互动及唐代的隐语诗书写

The Interaction between“Enigmatic Language”and“Poetry”and the Writing of Cryptic Poetry in Tang Dynasty

隐语作为一种来自民间的文体,向来被视为文字游戏,不被主流士人所重视。刘勰《文心雕龙·谐隐篇》在总结前代文学的基础上,对“隐语”进行了定义,并指出了其优劣。“隐语”作为一种独立的文体,自有其独特的价值,然而却很少有人提及其对其他文学体式的影响。唐代的诗歌创作中有一类特殊的“隐语诗”,它们或借鉴了“隐语”的思维方式进行创作,或本身就兼有“诗”与“谜”的双重特性,在文学史上留下了特殊的印记。同时,笔记小说中的“隐语”创作也受到“诗体”文学的影响与渗透,呈现出齐整、庄典的美学风格。唐代的隐语诗,是继承了中国古代的“谐隐”传统,又在唐代政治、文化影响下生长出的一类特殊的存在,对后世产生了一定的影响。

As a kind of folk style,enigmatic language has always been regarded as a word game,and has not been paid attention to by the mainstream scholars.On the basis of summarizing the literature of the previous generation,Liu Xie s“The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons·Xie Yin Essay”defines“enigmatic language”and points out its advantages and disadvantages.As an independent style,“enigmatic language”has its own unique value,but few people mention its influence on other literary styles.There is a special kind of“cryptic poetry”in the poetry creation of the Tang Dynasty,which either draws on the thinking mode of“cryptic”to create,or has the dual characteristics of“poem”and“mystery”itself,leaving a special mark in the history of literature.At the same time,the creation of“enigmatic language”in the novels is also influenced and permeated by the“poetry”literature,showing a neat and classic aesthetic style.The cryptic poetry of the Tang Dynasty inherited the tradition of“Xie Yin”in ancient China and developed under the influence of the politics and culture of the Tang Dynasty,which had a certain influence on the later generations.