基于集聚度的我国乙类大型医用设备配置公平性研究

Research on the Equity of Class B Large Medical Equipment Allocation in China Based on Agglomeration Degree

目的:分析我国乙类大型医用设备(以下简称乙类设备)配置现状及公平性情况,为合理优化设备配置提供参考。方法:收集全国乙类设备在“十三五”规划期末的存量数据,采用集聚度,从地理、人口和经济维度对各地区设备配置的公平程度进行评价。结果:全国当前乙类设备每百万人口配置量为3.19台,且东部>中部>西部;基于地理面积的设备集聚度在东部地区大多处于富集状态,中部地区配置公平性相对较好,西部地区总体较差;基于人口分布的设备集聚度呈现为东部>中部>西部,东部地区基本能够满足当地人口需求,中部和西部地区按人口配置略显不足;基于经济发展的各类设备集聚度在不同地区间的分布具有明显差异,中部地区公平性总体优于东部和西部地区。结论:我国乙类设备配置总量不高,还需政府持续规划提升;基于地理、人口和经济发展的设备配置分布在东中西部地区间存在不均衡现象,改善设备配置的公平性需考虑区域差异及特点。

Objective:To analyze the current allocation situation and equity of Class B large medical equipment in China,and provide references for reasonably optimizing the allocation of medical equipment.Methods:Based on the allocation data of Class B large medical equipment in China at the end of the 13th Five Year Plan period,the agglomeration degree method was used to evaluate the equity of equipment allocation in various regions from the dimensions of geography,population,and economic development.Results:The current allocation of Class B large medical equipment per million population was 3.19,and the eastern region(3.64)was higher than the central region(3.42),the central region(2.24)was higher than the western region.The agglomeration degree of medical equipment based on geographical area showed that most of the equipment in the eastern region was in a rich state,and the allocation equity was relatively good in the central region,but generally poor in the western region.The agglomeration degree of medical equipment based on population distribution was higher in the eastern region than in the central region and even higher in the western region.The equipment in the eastern region could basically meet the demand of the local population,while the allocation in the central and western regions was slightly insufficient.The distribution of medical equipment agglomeration degree based on economic development varied significantly among different regions,and the allocation equity of central region was generally better than that of eastern and western regions.Conclusion:The total allocation of Class B large medical equipment in China is not high,and the government needs to continue planning and improving it.The distribution of medical equipment allocation based on geography,population and economic development is unbalanced among the eastern,central and western regions.Improving the equity of medical equipment allocation also needs to consider regional differences and characteristics according to local conditions.