聚硅酸氯化铁锆混凝剂的制备及性能研究

Study on Preparation of Polysilicate Ferric Zirconium Chloride Coagulant and Its Properties

为解决微污染水体中无机、有机污染物问题,开发绿色安全的混凝剂,以硅酸钠、氯化铁、氯化锆为原料制备聚硅酸氯化铁锆。选取高岭土和黄腐酸(FA)分别模拟微污染水体中无机和有机污染物,采用单因素法探究混凝剂的最佳制备条件和混凝条件。实验结果表明:在n(Fe)/n(Zr)为0.3、n(Fe+Zr)/n(Si)为1.0、碱化度为0.3的条件下聚硅酸氯化铁锆性能最好;在水样pH为7~8、投加量为2.5 mL/L、水样温度为15~20℃的条件下聚硅酸氯化铁锆效率最高,浊度和UV_(254)去除率分别为98.81%和83.58%。采用SEM、FTIR、XRD进行结构表征,可知聚硅酸氯化铁锆是聚硅酸和Fe^(3+)、Zr^(4+)络合成一种无特征衍射峰的无定型聚合物。

In order to solve the problems of inorganic and organic pollutants in slightly polluted water and develop green and safe coagulants,the coagulant polysilicate ferric zirconium chloride was prepared from sodium silicate,ferric chloride and zirconium chloride.Kaolin and fulvic acid(FA)were selected to simulate inorganic and organic pollutants in micro-polluted water respectively,and the single factor method was used to explore the best preparation conditions and coagulation conditions of coagulants.The experimental results show that the performance of polysilicate ferric zirconium chloride is the best when n(Fe)/n(Zr)is 0.3,n(Fe+Zr)/n(Si)is 1.0,and alkalinity is 0.3;When the pH of water sample is 7-8,the dosage is 2.5 mL/L,and the temperature of water sample is 15~20℃,the efficiency of polysilicate ferric zirconium chloride is the highest,and the removal rates of turbidity and UV_(254) are 98.81%and 83.58%,respectively.SEM,FTIR and XRD were used to characterize the structure.It is known that polysilicic acid ferric zirconium chloride is an amorphous polymer without characteristic diffraction peaks synthesized by polysilicic acid and Fe^(3+),Zr^(4+)complex.