西北某工业园区地下水优先控制污染物的识别及风险评估

Identification and Risk Assessment of Priority Contaminants for Groundwater Control in an Industrial Park in Northwest China

为了探析西北某工业园区地下水的污染现状,确定地下水中优先控制污染物,了解暴露于污染物所致的健康风险。基于地下水污染物监测结果,利用潜在危害指数、综合评价法识别地下水中优控污染物,使用健康风险评价模型评价暴露于优控污染物的健康风险。结果表明:地下水中氨氮、锰、铅、镉、氯化物、三氯甲烷等污染物超标,污染指数范围为0.005~14.349。地下水中优控污染物包括二氯甲烷、铅、砷、汞等10种污染物。儿童和成人暴露于污染物的累积非致癌风险较小,经饮水摄入和皮肤接触暴露于三氯甲烷和汞有致癌风险,经饮水暴露砷有致癌风险;成年人经皮肤接触暴露砷有致癌风险。工业园区地下水部分污染物超标现象突出,应重点关注优控污染物,优控污染物对儿童和成人有不同程度的健康风险。

To explore the current status of groundwater contamination in industrial parks,to identify priority control pollutants in groundwater,and to understand the health risks caused by exposure to pollutants.Based on the monitoring results of groundwater pollutants,the potential hazard index and comprehensive evaluation method were used to identify the priority control pollutants in groundwater,and a health risk evaluation model was used to evaluate the health risks from exposure to the priority control pollutants.The results show that,ammonia nitrogen,manganese,lead,cadmium,chloride,trichlorometh-ane and other pollutants in groundwater exceeded the standard,and the contamination index ranged from 0.005 to 14.349.The preferred control pollutants in groundwater included ten pollutants such as dichloromethane,lead,arsenic,mercury and other pollutants.The cumulative non-carcinogenic risk of children and adults exposed to the contaminants was small,and there was a carcinogenic risk from exposure to trichloromethane and mercury via drinking water intake and skin contact,and a carcinogenic risk from arsenic exposure via drinking water;and there was a carcinogenic risk from arsenic exposure in adults via the skin contact route.The exceedance of some pollutants in groundwater in industrial parks is prominent,and the focus should be on the superior control pollutants,which have different degrees of health risks for children and adults.